The Research On The Synthesis And Application Of Novel Functional Inorganic Materials

In recent years, environmental pollution problems have become increasingly prominent, which prompt people to put forward higher requirements on environmental governance. Therefore, preparation of novel functional materials to eliminate the environmental pollution is becoming more and more imminent. In addition, how to get rid of the high energy consumption and high pollution in the synthetic process and how to prepare the functional materials via a simple, mild, safe and energy-saving method are many researchers’targets. The mesoporous materials and core-shell materials have been widely used in adsorption, gas sensing, catalysis fields, which attracted more and more attention of researchers. In this paper, the main work is preparation of mesoporous materials and its use in the field of adsorption and gas-sensitive, meanwhile, the preparation of core-shell structure material and its use in the field of catalysis. Furthermore, our aim is to study the performance of various new functional materials, which lays a solid theoretical and experimental foundation for the practical application.In this paper, two kinds of functional mesoporous silica materials (KMS and ZMS) were prepared, and they were applied in the adsorption of metal ions. The KMS are dispersed smooth spherical silica particles. To explore its possible synthesis mechanism, we studied the reaction temperature, reactant ratio and reaction time and other factors. The synthesis mechanism is that stearic acid was template, and silane coupling agent made a bridge between template and silica due to the electrostatic interaction. In addition, the use of a stearic acid templating approach allows for the environmentally benign recovery of the cost-intensive template by simple solvent extraction. ZMS was synthesized by changing the functional group of KMS. Furthermore, the effect of the agitation time, pH value, initial metal concentration, temperature, and adsorbent dose were examined in batch experiments. KMS and ZMS showed excellent adsorption properties of metal ions. Meanwhile, it is found that the pH value plays an important role in the adsorption process. In addition, designed corresponding regeneration experiments were conducted based on the two kinds of adsorption models. The results illustrate that two kinds of mesoporous materials exhibit excellent regeneration capacity, which shows that KMS and ZMS are expected to be an environmentally and economically feasible adsorbent for the removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions.Under mild reaction conditions, mesoporous metal oxide (FMZ) was prepared via the soft template method, which studied the effect of synthesis reaction temperature, pH and ratio of reactants, and discussed the possible formation mechanism. It can be found that the pH value is a very important factor. Preparation adjusted to the appropriate pH value, so that FMZ can be successfully prepared. In addition, its application in the detection of formaldehyde, FMZ displays excellent gas sensoring properities. It means that FMZ can be used as a practical sensor promising material.The Pt@TiO2material with core-shell structure was prepared by a reverse micelle sol-gel process. The study of the influence of template dosage, pH value and ratio of reactants on the core-shell structure of Pt@TiO2material indicates that the formation mechanism of the core-shell structure. Among the ingredients, pH value affects core-shell structure and the thickness of the shell. In addition, its application in the degradation of formaldehyde, Pt@TiO2core-shell material exhibits excellent formaldehyde degradation efficiency and regeneration characteristic. Therefore, Pt@TiO2core-shell material has great potential to become a promising application in the field of formaldehyde degradation. Furthermore, we discussed the possible mechanism of degradation of formaldehyde.