| In view of the special pore structure of the pore materials，the pore materials werepotential candidates as adsorption material and tissue engineering material. Wedeveloped a serial porous materials used in biomedical engineering and environmentscience.Firstly, starch monoliths with oriented porous structures were developed fromstarches and glycerin as a plasticizer using unidirectional freeze-drying technology.The morphology of the porous starch monoliths made from different starches wasdetermined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the porosity, mechanicalproperties and moisture absorption of the porous materials were evaluated. The resultsshow that porous starch monoliths made from oxidized starch with15%glycerin hadgood mechanical strength with the best moisture absorption. Increasing the starchconcentration significantly improved their strength and increased the moistureabsorption rate as well. The moisture absorption of the porous monolith made fromoxidized starch is comparable with commonly used desiccants. The porous starchmonoliths can successfully remove water from95%ethanol to produce absoluteethanol due to their selective absorption for water.Secondly, graphene oxide (GO) aerogels were prepared by a unidirectionalfreeze-drying method (UFDM), their structure was observed and their adsorptionperformance for Cu2+in aqueous solution was evaluated. The results show that GOaerogels have unidirectional porous structure and good adsorption ability for Cu2+.The adsorption system is depended on the Cu2+concentration and follows a pseudosecond-order kinetic model. The adsorption equilibrium is reached soon. Theadsorption isotherms are simulated well by the Langmuir model. The adsorption ofCu2+on GO aerogels is strongly dependent on pH, indicating an ion exchangemechanism. The obtained results demonstrated that the GO aerogels can be used as aneffective adsorbent for Cu2+removal from water.Once more, we successfully achieved mineralization using electrodeposition on3Dnanofiber (NF) scaffolds for the first time. Importantly, the morphologies, crystalamounts, crystal structures and compositions could be easily manipulated through adjusting the deposition temperature, voltage and duration. In addition, the calciumrelease profiles of the mineralized3D nanofiber scaffolds were studied. Sustainedcalcium release could be achieved, with the releasing rate controlled by varying thedeposition temperature and voltage.Finally，we had studied that the effect of the ratio of calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) ofthe electrolyte on the mineralized nanofiber scaffolds. The morphologies, crystalamounts, crystal structures and compositions could be easily manipulated throughadjusting the ratio of Ca/P of the electrolyte. Sustained calcium release could beachieved, with the releasing rate controlled by varying sustained calcium releasecould be achieved, with the releasing rate controlled by varying the ratio of Ca/P ofthe electrolyte. |
