| In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness that effective utilization and management of environmental resources must be undertaken by resource managers and decision makers. According to different purposes, several regions about natural resources are carring out. Especially eco-region, which can reflect the characteristics and running law, is precondition of efficient use of resources. Some countries, such as USA and Canada, have gathered more experiences and references for us when doing further researches. In China, an significant experience changing from traditional water conservancy to modern water resources development is undergoing. Efficient use of water and development in harmony with other natural resources in watershed are two important problems that we are facing now. In the past ten years, there are also some work about zoning area have carried out in our water conservancy industry. Such as water functional regionization according to water resources management; water envrionomental-functional regionization who are used to plan, monitor and assess of water environment; eco-hydrological regionization concentrates on eco-hydrological characteristics of different river basins and regions. Since there are different application fields, all of these regionazations cannot fulfill the requirement of resources management with a holistic focus on the basin resources. Therefore, basin eco-regions should be done in order to balancing all elements which affects basin process. Based on eco-region, a geographic framework can be built and organize all kinds of resources, to denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources. They are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the assessment of ecosystems and ecosystem components.Take Luanhe basin as a case study, using climate conditions, geographic conditions, land use and human activities as characteristic indicators to carry out two-class eco-regions in basin area. There are three first class ecoregions, those are eco-reion of Inner Mongolian Plateau, eco-region of Mountain Land of North and eco-region of Eastern of Hebei province. The second class eco-regions include7regions, they are refined from first-class eco-regions, reflecting the distribution of landscape and influence from human activities. Based on two-class ecoregions of Luanhe basin, physical characteristics of rives and landscape patterns are analyzed for expressing eco-characteristics. An important reference of planning, monitoring, assessment and management of Luanhe basin ecological restoration can be provided.River links eco-regions and transfer information, matter and energy from one eco-region to another. Relationships between river morphology and macroinvertebrate, between river morphology and river fractal, distribution of river fractal in basin area and the assessment of riparian are done after calculating the river morphological indicators and fractal of single river and river network, therefore the eco-feature of river systems will be described. From landscape aspect, landscape metrics, transfer of land use over years and the indicators which lead to the reduction of wetland were calculated. Ecological characteristics and changes of landscape patterns are analyzed well and finally to reflect the influence of human activities on basin landscape pattern.Study on the eco-region and ecological characteristics of basin area are the premise and basis of further geographic framework services. Dedailed and proper basin eco-regions can make good conditions of data monitoring, sampling, health assessment. Therefore the protection and ecological restoration can be carried out according to the local characteristics, and make sure the sustainable and coherent development between resources and economic society. |
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