Study On Key Technology Of Diffuse Laser Ranging

Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR) is an effective technique with great potential in measurement technology of astronomy and earth dynamics. After years of improvement, the SLR technique has reached the range of 36,000 km with a precision of subcentimeter level.As a result of the frequent Space-research activities in recent years, limited and valuable space orbit resources has been occupied by large amount of debris. In order to guarantee ordinary space activities, the monitoring and early-warning of debris has gained a universal attention. The application of introducing Diffuse-Reflection-SLR into the debris measurements can not only improve the accuracy of debris orbit determination, but also set up the calibration for other observation technologies. It means a lot for the monitoring and early-warning of debris.The precision and capability of the measurement are the most important indicators in the judgement of the Diffuse-Reflection-SLR, which are the main focus in the thesis. The author has accomplished the following works in ranging precision researches:? Error source of the SLR system is analyzed, and main source of error is located;? Based on the single-photon-detection theories, equation demonstrating the relationship of laser-pulse width, echo intensity and ranging precision is deduced;? By surface experiments the feasibility of acquiring target size-information per Diffuse-Reflection-SLR is verified.In improvement of ranging capabilities, the innovative works in the thesis are:? New laser-ranging equation that including parameters such as atmospheric turbulence and telescope tracking precision is deduced, based on which, it is concluded that the detect capability of ranging system can be improved by solutions like enhancing scope tracking precision, decreasing laser divergence angle, using 1064 nm laser;? Based on principle and features of Geiger-mode APD arrays, ranging system detection model of Geiger-mode APD arrays is built. Per analysis on the theoretical model, it is concluded that the introduction of APD arrays can improve the performance of the ranging system, which is more effective in case of high noise conditions;? The author is in responsibility of the optic part of superconducting detector experiments, and has successfully performed the laser ranging experiments applying superconducting detector, which is the first domestically.The research of the thesis has laid a certain foundation for engineering application of Diffuse-Reflection-SLR system.