Experimental Investigation Of Quantum Correlation Based On Spin Magnetic Resonance Systems

One of the most significant feature of nonclassicality in quantum systems is the existence of correlations that have no classical counterpart. In recent decades, the core issue in quantum information theory is to investigate how to quantify the classical and quantum parts of correlations, and apply these correlations in quantum technologies. In the previous methods for quantifying correlations, entanglement is the most prominent. However, there are some unentangled quantum states still exhibit nonlocal behavior. It means that quantum entanglement can not describe the whole non-classical correla-tion. The quantum discord, which can describe quantum correlations even in separable states, has been demonstrated as important physical resources in quantum information processing, such as DQC1 quantum computation, remote state preparation, entangle-ment distribution, and quantum metrology, etc. Since the solid-state spin systems are promising for applications in quantum computation and metrology, it is of practical sig-nificance to experimentally characterize the properties of quantum correlation in such systems.This PhD thesis is experimental investigation of quantum correlation based on spin magnetic resonance systems. Firstly, we introduces several nonclassicalities of quan-tum mechanics, such as probability, uncertainty principle, and nonlocality, etc. The concept and definition of quantum correlation is presented subsequently. Then we in-troduce the spin magnetic resonance systems, including nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, and single electron spin in diamond. The third chapter de-scribes the dynamics of quantum correlation in open quantum systems. The experimen-tal demonstration of the existence of a non-decay region, the revival and prolonging of the quantum discord in a noisy solid-state system may have great potential applications in quantum information processing. In the fourth chapter, we introduce the experiment to characterize the quantum correlations in two-qubit XXZ Heisenberg model at a finite temperature. The results reveal the capability of using quantum correlations to indicate the intrinsic change of the physical system. This experiment may serve as a prelimi-nary meaningful step to observe quantum criticality at finite temperatures via quantum correlations. In the fifth chapter, we introduce the behavior of quantum correlation in noninertial frames, and then we perform a proof-of-principle quantum simulation of this phenomenon with an NMR quantum simulator. It is shown that the quantum correla-tions can be created by the Unruh effect from the classically correlated states. Finally, we introduce the recent experimental work:experimental test of Born’s rule on a single spin in diamond. The results are in accordance with Born’s rule within the experimental errors.