| Molecular biology in state entered into biology after DNA double helix structure was discovered. Rapid development of molecular biology enables biology become the one of disciplines which have the fastest growing and the most achievements, since the revolutionary of the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. The great achievements of molecular biology have had a deeply impact to the human epistemology, ways of thinking and social developments. Therefore, it is particularly necessary that analyzing of the core concept of molecular biology. However, the semantic analysis as a general semantics methodological can not be avoided, but also can not be ignored in molecular biology, while analyzing the problem of characterization, reference, meaning, truth, realism etc. The using of semantic analysis is "neutral" in the philosophy of science. This makes it has transcendence in the researching of the traditional problems, such as realism. So it is semantic analysis that this thesis using to analyzed gene, the central dogma, genetic information, genetic code. This thesis trying to clarify the nature of these concepts, strengthen and improve them with the scientific concepts and philosophical concepts. However, it needs to be emphasized is that the semantic analysis of any concept can not leave their morphological characterization, because semantic analysis is meaningless while separating itself from the morphological characterization. As well, any analysis of the morphological characterization of concepts are also unable to leave their semantic analysis, because morphological characterization without semantic analysis is empty. Significance of the use of semantic analysis of any concept and can not leave the pragmatic. In other words, the semantic analysis of each concept can be separated from its social context analysis, because it will be narrow and incommensurable when a semantic analysis separate from its pragmatic analysis. Thus, morphological, semantic and pragmatic form a integral context, and can not be separated. The semantic analysis of gene, the central dogma, genetic information, genetic code in this thesis are all based on the context theory, maybe it is consciously or unconsciously.The thesis includes introduction, five chapters of systematic elaboration and concluding remark. It mainly introduced the purpose and significance of the study, research status and the main content and so on in the introduction.The first chapter, "The semantic analysis in the Molecular Biology": First,1.1 expounds the reason of the rise of the semantic analysis in the molecular biology. Which discussed the background for rise of philosophy of biology and the tradition of applications about semantic analysis method in the development of molecular biology of philosophy.1.2 expounded the essence and significance of semantic analysis in molecular biology of philosophy, shows that the essence of semantic analysis is an contextual analyze. Then, the thesis discussed the significances of semantic analysis for the concepts of molecular biology to determine the allegations, semantic interpretation, formal construction, empirical verification, truth, realism and other issues.The second chapter, "Semantic analysis of gene":in which 2.1 introduces the changes of semantics about the concept of gene of three stages——Ancient Greece, from particulate theory after the 1860s to the discovery of DNA double helix structure, after DNA double helix structure found to now. And showed that the difference of the semantic of gene concept is dependent on the specific context transferred metaphorically.2.2 explained the essence of gene in the perspective of context. It includes common concept of gene-a mistakes of public science, the nature of reduction of the gene theory, contextual analysis of the concept of gene.2.3 focused on metaphor thoughts in the development of genetic theory and analyzes its metaphorical thinking and methodology of function in the process of organizing---invention function and characterization functions.The third chapter, "Semantic analysis of the central dogma":3.1 described the logical basis for the formation of the central dogma, including the theoretical basis (background knowledge) and social foundation.3.2 analyzed the changes of the central dogma, using the method of semantic analysis. Then, points out that the changes occur in the longitudinal context of the molecular biology. Only analyzing the semantic of the molecular biology in certain contexts, it can not be limited. If the semantics of the central dogma as theory are limited, it must be limited of its significance, as research method.3.3 discussed the significance of the central dogma for modern biology and its limitations of the central dogma as scientific theory and researching methods. At last, proposed a top-down strategy combined with computer simulations, trying to give an answer to former bind.The fourth chapter, "semantic analysis of the concept of information in the molecular biology":4.1 traced the semantics of the concept of information in the molecular biology, then discussed the challenge to the early concept of information of eukaryotes and the defended of the concept of information by cybernetics and information theory.4.2 elaborated several heckle of the early concept of information. Then, the thesis analyzed the gene information, claims that neither over-emphasis on the interpretation of the empirical evidence, and nor over-emphasize the nature of the concept of semantic about understanding of the concept of information in biology. Semantic value of the concept of information can be achieved in different contexts through the semantic rise or semantic decline. Context theory provides a platform for the arguments. And also, the thesis discussed several semantic features of the concept of information in biology. Finally, introduced the characteristics of the inheritance of information in the genetic and non-genetic systems.The fifth chapter, "Semantic analysis of the genetic code":Firstly, this chapter analyzed the concept of genetic code from a historical perspective and introduced the logic of the development and the semantic features of the genetic code. Then, interpreted the significance of the genetic code based on the context, and points out that we should try to avoid the way of the thinking——black or white, either-or. It neither be completely denied of the role of the genetic code theory, nor be over-abused its semantic nature. It should be that interpret its specific semantics under a particular semantic boundary. Finally, elaborated the significance of contextual analysis to the genetic code.The conclusion summarizes the article. And generally pointed out the significance of semantic analysis for the researching of molecular biology theory... |
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