Quantum Simulation Of Novel Physical Phenomena

As for current research, quantum simulation is the main subject of quantumcomputation and quantum information, using the known controlable systum to simulatethe uncontrolable or unaccessable system. In the meantime, quantum simulationpromotes the ability to control the quantum system so that experience can beaccumulated for practical quantum computer. Quantum simulation enables us toinvestigate on strange systems or noval physical phenomena, which are not only play animportant role in theory but also in applications. In this dissertation, we focus on theinvestigation of quantum simulation of noval physical phenoma. Two main conclusionshas been drawn in this dissertation:1) We implement the direct quantum simulation of the well-known Yang-Baxterequation first time. Since it was discovered, the Yang-Baxter equation has had awidely application on lots of different areas. In recent years, a lot of research shows thatthere are natural and close connections between the Yang-Baxter equation and quantuminformation, which is one of the most active frontier research areas. However, nodirect experimental verification of Yang-Baxter equation has been achieved. Althoughseveral experimental results are consistent with the Yang-Baxter equation， they canonly be seen as indirect verification. Hu-Xue-Ge proposed the first theoretical proposalto verify the Yang-Baxter equation directly. We designed an experiment in linearquantum optical system to achieve the Hu-Xue-Ge’s proposal and the direct verificationof the Yang-Baxter equation. We proved that the Yang-Baxter equatum and theLorentz-liked transformation are right first time. The experimental results show thecorrectness of the Yang-Baxter equation sufficiently.2) We achieve the first quantum simulation of a fast evolution that is predicted by aParity-time reversal symmetric theory. Parity-Time reversal symmetric (PT-symmetrical)quantum mechanics is a widely studied active research area, which can be seen as thecontinuation of the Hermitian quantum mechanics and guarantees that the eign-valuesof the observable variables are real numbers. Not only the PT-symmetric quantummechanics is important to the quantum theory, but also its noval characters can enablemany applications, such as optimization of time evolution of quantum system. It is predicted that the evolution time using a PT-symmetric system can be faster than thatusing an equivalent Hermitian system, and the evolutionary time can even be as close aszero, which is focused on widely and has a huge potential in application. Weconstructed a PT-symmetric systum in a nuclear megnetic resonance system, simulatedthe evolution, and observed the fast evolution time first time. Consistant with thetheoretical pridiction, we observed the fast time-evolution beyond the standard quantummechanics, and the evolution time can indeed be arbitrarily close to zero.