Research On The Demand Management Theories And Policies Of Irrigation Water

The water resource is very scarce in China. Irrigation water makes up 70% of the total water use, it is inefficient and the waste is serious.It is very instructive to strengthen the irrigation water demand management, to raise irrigation efficiency and to control irrigation water use.Scientifically directed by such theories such as institution economics, property right economics, resources and environmental economics, industry economics, combining the method of standardized analysis and empirical analysis, through quantitative and qualitative research, this thesis analysises the impact mechanism to irrigation water demand management that is affected by the irrigation water price , irrigation water rights, irrigation trchnology and agricultural production structure.The main conclusions of the resourch are as follows:In terms of theory,water price is the important factor effecting irrigation water demand amount,but its actual effect is not notable, because the irrigation water price elasticity is only about 0.2, less than 1. So that a small increase of irrigation water price could not achieve distinct management results. To control and reduce the irrigation water demand amount, the water price should be raised at very big an extent. Of course, to choose the ways to raise water price scientifically is important, such as to raise water price by the different water amount, different seasons and different items. The water price should be higher in the conditions of above the quota, dry time and high profit items than else.The farmer's water rights is a kind"club"rights because of terminal measure difficulty. The well defined property rights could encourage farmers to save water, so that to establish water users associations ( WUA ) has important practical significance. Water users associations wields acquaintance social prestige system and cooperate for a long term principle to improve management of irrigation and raise using water efficiency. Now the water users associations is too large, its internal management is not conform to the standard, so it needs to reduce and advantage scope, strengthen internal management.The farmer's saving water incentives is very high if the saved water rights could be transformed to reality gains.Widespread apply of water right movement system could promote irrigation water self-control. Reality water rights movement has paid and"agricultural change to non agricultural"features. Establishing water rights market should be enhanced to advance and standard"agricultural change to non agricultural". For example, the amount of"agricultural change to non agricultural"should be controled and the payment should be proper.Irrigation water demand management need saving water technology to support. Farmers have not incentives to adopt saving water technology and the applying of this technology is ineffective. High invested and modernized technology is the prospect target of irrigation saving water. Inexpensive saving water technology has more actuality meaning according to nearly specific practical. Agricultural and water conservancy scientific research department should think about research inexpensive irrigation saving water technology, the popularized department shoula think about to spread it more and more.Agriculture production structure and using water struture make important impact to irrigation water demand. This thesis classify main products of Shandong Province according to irragation quota and products unit water value, advice exceed agriculture produce struture and reduce irrigation total water. Specific ideas are: taking precedence develop low water consumption high benefit products, including peanut, soybean, potato, melon, fruit ect; be guarded in development of high water consumption high benefit products, such as vegetables; controling develop high water consumption low benefit products, such as paddy.In order to contral the irrigation water demand, the measurements above should be used simultaneousely and jointly.