Order Allocation And Order Quantity Models In Supply Chain

In 21 century,enterprises are facing with more and more competitions and challengments.With the development of supply chain management,the pressure is no more located among enterprises,but in all supply chain.Enterprises often lower purchase costs in order to increase the competitiveness of products in the market while they face the fierce situation.Nowadays,procurement decisions are more important because of the more tremendous impact of material costs on profits.For example,in most industries the costs of raw materials and component parts constitute the main cost of a product,such that in some cases it can account for up to 70%;in America high technology firms,purchased materials and services represent up to 80%of the total product cost.The purchase decision under supply chain environment has many new characteristics comparing with traditional purchase management.Supply chain management offers wider space for decreasing purchase cost and increasing the benefit,but bringing the new challenge to enterprises' purchase management at the same time.Two of the important areas in purchase decision that have significant practical application are order allocation and economic order quantity(EOQ).Optimazion for order allocation and EOQ reduce the cost and improve the company competitiveness.Therefore,order allocation and EOQ are the most important decision of purchasing management.On the basis of the past researches about criterias and methods of supplier selection,order allocation is considered under fuzzy information,uncertain demand,supply disrutption and price break in this paper.At the same time,reliedon both domestic and foreign research of the history,current situation and future development of EOQ,the thesis gives a relative systematic and thorough research about two typical topics of EOQ.The main content of this thesis can be described as follows:First,the thesis introduces the backgrounds,the significance and the innovative achievements of this paper and making a review about the literature on order allocation and EOQ.Second,the article extends the fuzzy multi-objective linear model(Amida,2006), from deterministic to stochastic constraints and known weight to fuzzy weight values. This linear model has been expanded to a common format.A fuzzy multi-objective linear/nonlinear model is developed to allocate order.Third,this research extends the weighted additive fuzzy multi-objective supplier selection model(Amid,2007) from deterministic constraint to random constraint,adds shortage function and scenario analysis to the model.Fourth,the demand may have a positive correlative with stock level.In this paper,the demand rate depends not only on the on-display stock level but also on the selling price per unit.In such a situation,we develop an EOQ model that includes deterioration on inventory and multiple price changes over a finite planning time.Forth,with the development of e-commerce,many "bricks-and-mortar" firms have transformed to "clicks-and-mortar" by incorporating online stores.The physical stores can satisfy the instant demand,while the online stores content the forward demand,i.e., customers place orders online,and the finn fulfills the orders in quoted delivery time. Since the physical stores and the online stores of a "click-and-mortar" firm usually replenish inventory using the same replenishment channel,we develop the optimal order policy for a "click-and-mortar" firm.Finally,the thesis gives conclusion and the innovativenesses of the research,and presents the future scope,the purpose and the prospect of this topic in further studies.