A Study On The Chinese Farmer-turned Workers' Social Security System In The Transformation Era

Based on the social background of rigid dual structure during institution transformation, through normative and empirical analyses, the dissertation systematically expounds such problems as the choice of system path, system positioning, system building barriers, and the framing work of the farmer workers'social insurance system.At the beginning, the lack of the farmer-turned workers'social security and its effects are discussed here. With the institutional reform and the followed weakening barriers between the countryside and the city, Chinese farmers have poured into cities on large scales forming the huge body of"farmer-turned workers"in the cities. Owing to the limiting dependence on the route in the institutional transformation, the dual city-rural social institution has not been completely broken up. Therefore farmer workers have confronted a series of discriminations in the cities, among which the exclusion of them from social security system stands out most. The fact that the farmer workers have been"out of the countryside"but not yet"settled down in the cities"slows down the flow of the labour, which in the long run will bring about ergative consequence to economic development farmer-turned workers'social security system is of realistic and strategic importance.Secondary, the choice of system path, system content and mechanism design of farmer workers'are explored. The study on the choice of system path of farmer-turned workers'social security system shows that the farmer woker's social security is one of the transitional institutions during the transformation period. This institution should be a comparatively independent model according to the social security system of city residents, but it should be finally mingled into the urban-rural untied social security system.Considering the migrant rural workers social security demands and the payment abilities of the enterprises and government, the migrant rural workers social security system can only be built by limited development, focus orientation and gradual popularization. The social insurance system is the key point to promote of the farmer workers'social security system. Social relief system can be delayed to a later time, and social welfare system can be neglected for the present moment. The establishment of government's responsibility is the key point of the implement of the farmer workers'social security system.After the study on the choice of system path and system content, the major barriers of system building are analysed. According to the study on the barriers of building the social security system, we find that the rural-urban segmentation of China's social system and its path dependence are the institutional hinder. Meanwhile, the government's finance revenue and expenditure structure, the payment finance revenue and expenditure structure, the payment ability of enterprises also form the fund barrier. In addition, the farmer workers are not efficient in expressing their minds, and being in the marginal position of city, are seldom heard. The high mobility and diversification of the farmer workers pose higher demands on the operation of the social security system.Finally, how to build a social security system for migrant rurar workers is analyed. The progress of social pension insurance system in different cities vary, displaying big differences in terms of minimal payment, payment rate and benefit level. This leads to unfair treatment among different areas, enterprises and individuals. Moreover, it can not be keep pace with the high mobility situation of farmer workers. The transitional social pension insurance system,"individual flexible account integrated with payment adjustment account", takes int account the feasibility of policies and its transition to the future of social pension insurance of city residents. According to the analysis of the farmer workers'medical insurance including Shanghai, Chengdu, Beijing and Shenzhen, we find that the present system have not yet won the support of the farmer workers. We propose that the farmer workers'medical insurance system innovation can be adopted as a feasible measure, convenient to transfer, and considering the level of the local economic development.The farmer-turned workers'unemployment insurance system consists"public labour"and employment security, among which the employment security is the main part and the developing direction. The system of"public labour"can provide the basic needs for the migrant workers when they are in temporary unemployment, and can reduce the pressure of the social pension insurance fund. The farmer workers'vocational training is the most positive factor of the employment security. Vocational training can improve farmer workers'employment skills and enhance their social security paying ability. Being the basic point for the farmers to change their identities and to survive in the cities, vocation training should be promoted as the first step. Studies reveal the following reasons for the present dead lack of the farmer workers vocational training: the private employers hiring farmer workers are not willing to invest on the training in order to save money; farmers are not willing to pay for the vocation training due to lack of stimulus or money .Both the employers and the farmers bent on getting the most of profits, unwilling to invest on the training are actually suffering great loss and this demands the efforts and encouragements of the government. At present the vocational training in China lies mainly on the government in providing stimuli, investment and education.On the basis of the previous study, the dissertation puts forward some new ideas. For example, the author considers that the farmer wokers'social security is one of the transitional institutions during the transformation period, and this institution should be a comparatively independent model according to the social security system of city residents, but it should be finally mingled into the urban-rural untied social security system. The author also thinks that the social insurance system is the key point and must be built at first, social relief system can be delayed to a later time, and social welfare system can be neglected for the present moment. In addition, the author considers that the farmer-turned workers'unemployment insurance system consists"public labour"and employment security, among which the employment security is the main part and the developing direction. Lastly, through building the game model, the dissertation proves that market failure lies in the farmer workers'vocational training market and suggests that the government is obliged to intervene to solve the market failure.