The Establishment Of Qinhuangdao Non-treaty Port And The Contemporary Change Of Regional Economy

Using the Qinhuangdao Non-treaty Business Port as the subject of study, the thesis explores the relationship between establishing of business port and the modernized shift of regional economy and society, which is based on the reference and adoption to existing researches. The purpose of this study is to perceive the distinctive features of Non-treaty port of Qinhuangdao, expecting to provide some historical references for today's exchange and cooperation around the Bohai Bay economic zone.Firstly, the author presents a comprehensive analysis on the historical background of Qinhuangdao's establishing of business port. Against the background of seeking change and reform by the end of Qing dynasty, the Qinhuangdao's self-establishment of business port is a result of evolution of sovereign identity and idea of seeking change for surviving as well as the result of the strategic needs of strengthening the defense of capital, reviving the navy and practical thinking of expanding the sources of benefits.Secondly, detailed studies have been carried out on the time of Qinhuangdao's self-establishing of business port, the fund raising, the expending, the making of regulations and rules of the business port as well as the establishment of Qinhuangdao custom and its operation. The regulations and rules provided not only an interior supporting frame but also a base of development in the future.As an import non-treaty port of north China, though the international trading of Qinhuangdao experienced rises and falls in different periods, which is a reflection of contemporary situations, its basic trend is increasing. Based on a solid investigation on commodities trade, smuggles and the unique passenger trade, the thesis analyses the characters of international trade in Qinhuangdao.Qinhuangdao is one of the models of"to develop the city via port". The thesis studies the process of"urbanization"of Qinhuangdao and its process of modernization: the forming of city structure, the change of population constitute in the city, the shaping of modern transportation network, the modernized change of city economy and the appearing of modern associates and their influence.Having been a port city, the Qinhuangdao increasingly becomes another economic center in North China after Tianjin and Tangshan. Thanks to the coals from Kaiping, this is the intermediate that linked Qinhuangdao, Tianjin and Tangshan and a relative closed regional economic circle emerged. With the unitary advantage, this circle strengthened its link to world market and Qinhuangdao played a role of bridge in this market system.Through analysis on the establishing of port city and the change of regional economy, the thesis indicates the significant characters of the development of Qinhuangdao: Though it was a self-established non-treaty port, the makers did not got the full control of it; The structure of commodities both exported and imported is singleness and the passenger transportation is abnormal and the obvious development imbalance between the port and the city have been existed, while the city was built because of the port.The complementariness, co-existing, internal constringency and closeness that existed between Tianjin and Tangshan are the factors that not only pull the development of Qinhuangdao city but also the bandage and restrict factors to the outward development of the city.The most important inspiration to us is: it will depend upon the establishment of real mechanism of harmonious development around the Bohai Bay economic zone to make the Qinhuangdao city actually play the role of flagship in the social and economic development of Hebei and the role of international trade window so as to make the Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province a cooperation zone of being interactive, helping each other, being mutual-benefitted and win-win.