| Sixty years after the end of World War II, Japan created an economic miracle and became the world's second largest economic powerhouse. In 1980s, in the knowledge economy globalization wave with its core of microelectronics technology, Japan achieved the strategic goal of "advanced science-and technology-oriented nation" and enhanced its science and technology power in the world.There are a variety of factors for promoting Japanese economic development. Among the factors, the most important one is that enterprises have realized the technological self-innovation through research and development (R&D). In this way, it forms the unique model of industry-academia-government collaboration system with enterprises playing the leading role. This model helps to strengthen close links between technological innovation and market economy, facilitate the upgrading of the industrial structure and promote the sustainable economic development, which provides us a lot of references.Japanese enterprises which are the main providers and users of national R&D funds, devoted a large amount of manpower and capital into R&D. With strong capability of R&D, large-scale enterprises have their own R&D institutions and systems. Enterprises put emphasis on application research and research development, which helps to foster the close links between R&D and production.Japanese government plays a profound role in this progress. Government has taken many effective measures to help enterprises with technological innovation, such as setting S&T development strategy, active investment in R&D and the preferential policies setting in science and technology (S&T).Japan runs on various operating systems with the mainstay of large-scale enterprises. High-tech industry mainly belongs to large-scale enterprises around which there are many SMEs. Therefore it forms the unique vertical structure in Japanese enterprises. Large-scale enterprises which own their complete R&D institutions and systems are the main force of Japanese R&D. Meanwhile SMEs focus on their personalized research and development.Japanese enterprises don't only build the complete R&D system in domestic, but also accelerate the globalization of R&D. China is one of the largest countries in attracting foreign R&D institutions in recent years. Japanese enterprises account for a great deal in the foreign R&D institutions into China. Research shows that Japanese R&D institutions in China mainly include large-scale enterprises and tend to expand the number of SMEs. Along with this change, investment location transferred from Beijing and Shanghai to origin and other cities with low R&D cost, such as Tianjin, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. However, comparing with Japanese FDI in China, different features of Japanese R&D activities in China can be seen: smaller scale and lower R&D level. Therefore, it is an important subject before us that how we can bring more technology to China by expending the areas of Japanese R&D activities in China so as to further the capability of self-innovation of local enterprises.This paper is divided into three parts consisting of ten chapters. The first part is mainly about related theory framework and policy combing. The second part is about empirical study and analysis of Japanese enterprises' technological innovation model. The third part is about the features and existing problems of Japanese R&D activities in China, the conclusions of study and policy recommendations.The first part consists of chapter 1, chapter2 and chapter3. Chapter 1 introduces the followings: the objectives of study, relevant studies at home and abroad, ideas and methods, creative of the paper. Chapter2 mainly combs the related theory on technological innovation and chapter3 is about Japanese national strategy of "becoming an advanced science-and technology-oriented nation" in post-war.The second part is the main body including chapter4, chapter5 and chapter6.Chapter4 discusses the classification, division of work and role of Japanese R&D institutions. Chapter5 analyzes the basic characteristics of the model of industry-academia-government collaboration system with enterprises playing the leading role, and introduces the effective measures which government has taken in technological innovation. Besides that, this chapter makes presentation to the forms of industry-academia-government collaboration. Chapter6 has details on the building of R&D system and the types of R&D institutions, and puts forward four main forms of R&D model. Based on that, this study takes Daejeon district as a case to illustrate the pattern of technological innovation of SMEs.The last part consists of chapter7, chapter8, chapter9 and chapter 10.Chapter7 is the part of empirical analysis. As economic geography phenomenon, the spatial distribution of Japanese R&D institutions is the most important question for us. Through empirical study, this paper analyzes the location determinants and the characteristics of the spatial distribution. In chapter8, further study to the R&D globalization and R&D activities of Japanese enterprises in China are made, including the process and basic characteristics of FDI in China, the motives of R&D investment, the location choice and so on. Among this, deeper analysis to the existing problems of Japanese R&D activities in China is made in the chapter. Chapter9 is the case study of Panasonic and Hitachi's direct investment and R&D investment in China. This chapter makes in-depth analysis of the famous Japanese large enterprises' investment progress and strategic evolution in China.At last, chapter 10 presents conclusions of the study. On one hand, this study makes some suggestions should be taken into consideration on how to further technological innovation in China. On the other hand, it is a great issue for us that how we can fully utilize the R&D resources in China from Japan and other developed countries. In the coming studies, more attentions should be paid to this issue.
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