Institutional Research On The Supply Of Tourist Attractions In China

With market-oriented economy developing further, industrial economy characteristics of tourist attractions are becoming more obvious and the contradiction between the aim of efficiency and welfare is more prominent. Currently the practices of reformation on how to develop tourist attractions are going faster than the theory arguing, which reflects the policy lagging in China. Then it is worthy to study the detail on how to meet market demand, promote regional economic development and protect resources and environment. In fact, it is an economic issue on developing and protecting tourist attractions. That is to say, just because of the scarcity of resources and the existence of resource utilization and configuration options, there exist some conflict and cooperation relationships among the interest groups. Hence, from a novel perspective based on institution and mechanism and by using the application of the New Institutional Economics analysis paradigm, the current work proposes a theory analysis framework: tourist attractions attributes-supply institutions-supply behavior and performance. Grasping the logic of the institution as the main line and using the tourism industry with its special attributes as the logical starting point, based on government and the market as the main interest groups, scenic attributes, the supply institution efficiency and supply arrangements have been discussed and then it forms the overall logic analysis system. During the discussion, as the two basic elements of institutional economy, substance analysis and human analysis are used as main approaches. In addition, theoretical analysis and demonstration analysis are also applied. Based on these effective methods, the functions of government and market in the supply management, role boundaries, application mechanisms and other issues are compared and analyzed and then the final model of tourist attraction supply is suggested: constructing a harmonious supply mode between government and market.Based on the theoretical analysis and investigations, the current work has produced three overall understanding: First, the multiplicity of policy is rested with the special conditions of tourist attractions and the complexity of the situation of country. In the development process of tourist attractions, policy objectives not only pursuit the economic efficiency, but also ensure that tourism area's natural resources and environment security and the safeguarding of most people's public interest. Second, due to the diversification policy objectives in the short term may be in conflict with each other, in the macroeconomic environment and development stage, the policy objectives of tourist attractions will be focused on differently. This is the point on construction of tourist attraction supply mechanism. Third, the supply efficiency of tourist attraction depends on the efficiency of the operation of the market mechanism and government policies coupled degree. To let the suppliers have the driving force to supply products in accordance with the government's idea, recognizing the suppliers' economic motives and limited rationality is very important. On this basis the government and the market will be effective "docking" to construct a mixed supply mechanism and give full play to their respective advantages. It is better for the interests to mobilize the enthusiasm, regulate their development and protection of the tourist destinations reasonably, which enables the supply of tourist attractions full and effective, and meets the development demand on tourist attractions nowadays.