The Study On CPC's Farm Land Policy After The Foundation Of The State

Since the half more century after the foundation of PRC, CPC's farm land policy experiences three important revolutions: the first one is the land reform in 1949-1952, which abolished the feudalism land system, formed the privately owned farm land and the family-run individual small private ownership; the second one is in 1953-1979, which reformed the farmers'individual small private ownership through the agricultural collectivization and the movement to form rural people's communes, formed the farm land's collective ownership, centralized operation; the third one is from the Third Plenary Session of the 11 th Central Committee of the CPC, the household contract responsibility system became the dominant operation form of the farm land and the agriculture, which realized the great innovation of the farm land's collective ownership. Generally speaking, the farm land system's changes promoted by CPC's farm land policies represents the great mass'basic interest and realizes the great revolution of the society in the rural area.During the democratic revolution period, CPC combined the Marxist basic theory and the Chinese revolution fact, on the basis of the scientific investigation, through the class analysis method, made out the systematic policies to correctly solve the farm land problem in the democratic revolution phase, put forward the opinion of confiscating landed class's land without compensation and giving the land to the farmers, and the agrarian policy of reducing the lease and the interest, developed the social productive force, liberated the farmer the mass and hence formed the vast revolution team and established the solid class basis and broad mass basis for the realization of CPC's revolution leadership, became the decisive factor of the new democratic revolution's victory.Since the foundation of the new China, CPC continuously pushes on the innovation of the Chinese farm land system. After half more century, from the policy of'farmer ownership, family operation', to the policy of'collective ownership, centralized operation', to the contract responsibility policy of'collective ownership, family operation', CPC's policy on farm land experiences great revolution. The household contract responsibility system is the dominant form of the farm land and the agricultural operation. The implement of the policy realizes Chinese farmers'second liberation, which solves the farmer's problem of food and clothing and realizes the economic development's leap in the village. Though the household contract operation system shows its great function in the agriculture and agricultural economic development, the household contract responsibility system doesn't reach the limit of the farm land system's innovation. The success of the system at the meantime contains its defect. The farm land's household contract responsibility system still leaves over some problems need solving and innovating.CPC's farm land policy not only reflects the revolution direction but also expresses its request to the modernization. The reform is the most distinct epoch characteristic in the new time of the socialist modernization construction. The reform in China realizes its breakthrough in the village, while the breakthrough of the reform in the village is the revolutionary changes of the farm land's usage mode. At present the nucleus in the village problem is still the farm land. The problem of"agriculture, village and farmer"can't be solved without the solution of the farm land problem. The farm land's family operation system is the most important factor which influences and restricts the other various system's arrangement in the village society. The farm land policy restricts the basic aspect in the village social life. Starting from the overall situation of the steadiness of the economic and social development, in order to mobilize the hundreds of millions farmers'labor enthusiasm and ensure the economic continuous development and social steadiness of the agriculture and village, it's necessary to create the good system situation for the farmers, among which the farm land system is the first important factor. Under the historical task of carrying out the scientific development opinion, building the socialist harmonious society and pushing on the construction of socialist new village, it's necessary to adapt to the request of the productive force's development, on the basis of insisting and perfecting the farm land contract system, pay great attention to the social steadiness, safeguard the farmer's interest, seek truth from the facts and act according to circumstances, push on the farm land's fairly large-scale management and promote the healthy circulation of the farm land's right of use.