The Study Of The Urban Poverty Problem About Resource Cities In Northeast

With the Reform and Opening,the problem of urban poverty is becoming obvious in China,different from rural poverty,the rural poor population is reducing continuously,but the situation of urban poverty is developing.Because urban poor residents have no land as living guarantee,so the opportunity of"income increase and burden release"is few,and urban population of labour force can hardly undertake migratory risk.We should focus on that rural poverty is belongs to"development problem"basically,but urban poverty is attribute to the"reform".Especially the northeast region in old industrial base,the state-owned enterprise is becoming of mass laid-off and unemployed personnel(including various huge scale big collective personnel) in the system reform,that make Re-employment face numerous difficult,the poverty takes place on large area and develops continuously.Among them,the urban poverty of resource(exhausted) cities are specially outstanding.The urban poverty population making up of taking fluid populations,such as migrant peasant worker and emigrant etc.and poor area are inevitable in every industrialize and citylize country,but the urban poverty of resource cities in northeast is comprehensive problem.There exist the most typical system and structure problem,urban residents mass unemployed and poverty,residential area deterioration,environment deterioration and development recession,which are the special problem of urban poverty in China.Accompanying with the natural resources depletion and the transition of planned economy toward market economy,the urban poverty problem of resource cities in northeast are not only facing a new challenge,but also relating to city system directly and the general situation of northeast old industrial region development.Today,at our country building a moderately prosperous society and seting up to a harmonious society in an all-round, it is very urgent to pay attention to and solve the urban poverty problem of resource cities in northeast.On the base of analyzing the theories and practices of urban poverty and anti-poverty about domestic and foreign,this paper set up three basic theories aspects of urban poverty about our country,including poor city,poor residents and urban poor area.According to this basic thought, the typical and complicated urban poverty condition of resource cities in northeast. has been diagnosede,and the correlative factors influence urban poverty have been found out using the mathematics method,and the forming mechanism and causes of the urban poverty of resource cities in northeast has been discussed,and a feasible anti-poverty policy frame with three different lays on urban poverty has been given.This paper consists of five parts,sections and chapters as following. Chapter One:The normal theories and practices on poverty and urban poverty.First,the paper generalizes the definitions and measure ways of poverty and urban poverty from different angles,and summarizes the research status on urban poverty of domestic and foreign.Because there is no real research on the theory of urban poverty,so the paper induces the related foundation theories with the resource cities,including the theories of normal poverty,the spacial theories of urban poverty and the theories of resource cities.Then on this foundation,the theory frame on the urban poverty of our country has been constructed by layer's research method.The three aspects in this frame include poor city,poor residents and urban poor area.The evidence research of the paper base on the three dimensionses.Chapter Two:The generalization on the anti-poverty theories and practices.This part elaborates the research progress on anti-poverty theory and the problem of market failure,then puts forward the important function of government during anti-poverty process.Beside the government,the international organizations will also influence the efficiency of anti-poverty directly.So, the paper introduces the anti-poverty actions of some different countries and international aid organizations from different aspects including government and nongovernment.The last of this charter elaborates poverty alleviation systerm and urban help-the-poor development process.These all put forward laying foundation for the anti-poverty policy of the resource city government.Chapter Three : The urban poverty condition analysis on resource cities in Northeast.First,the paper carried on a define to the type of resource cities in Northeast. By comparision,we discover that the resource cities in Northeast have very high poor rate,then analusize the poverty situation of the resource cities in Northeast from the three aspects including poor city,poor residents and urban poor area.Chapter Four:Research on forms mechanism and system of the urban poverty of resource cities in Northeast.The paper points out the basic reason causing the urban poverty of resource cities lies in the historical accounts left over by planned economy,and incompleteness of planned economy system toward market economy system reform,that make the resource cities in Northeast be placed in a disadvantageous position.The special system obstacle that local governments and resource enterprises can't solve and more controls on resource cities by central government will obstruct the reform and opening progress about these cities,thus will produce negative influence to the economic growth and alleviating poverty.Other reasons still include extensive resources development ways,the defect about the ability of public service by government provision,the functions of the government and enterprises mixed up and the heavy burden of enterprises'social obligations,the imperfection of distribution system and social security system,and the absence of right and opportunity to overcome poverty in resource cities.Chapter Five:Discussion on the urban anti-poverty strategy and policy of resource cities in Northeast.Aiming at reasons causing the urban poverty of resource cities in Northeast,this chapter analyzes the conditions and chances of the resource cities in Northeast to conquer poverty.,latterly,puts forward the urban anti-poverty of resource cities have to have four basic visual angels.First,improve the economic development level of the poor cities.Because the basic exit of anti-poverty lies in developing successive industry and carrying out city economy transformation,we must strengthen the economic power in the whole.Second, pay attention to provide various services to the poor residents in city and build up good system environment ,including enhancing employment ability of poor residents and supplying social guarantee for them.Third,the reformation of the urban poor area should be close to combine with arranging employment,and improving the employment rate as a target to push forward urban poor area reform of resource cities in order to prevent poverty reproduction.Forth, perfect and promote the present system and policy and strengthen the anti-poverty ability construction of resource cities government.The government should set up a long-term target.to aid poor cities and help poor residents.