| It is a great measure to strengthen fiscal management of departmental budget in the course of setting up the framework of public finance to adapt the dynamic changes of the Chinese socialist economic system's dynamic changes . This is not only to comply the objective demand of handling money under the authority of law and democracy, but also to strengthen the fiscal expenditure management, avoiding waste of fiscal capital and improving its efficiency.Even though the reform of departmental budget has achieved a lot in the past five years, there are still many questions and immature aspects left behind. According to the audit findings of central budget implementation conducted by the National Audit Office of the People's Republic of China, serious deficiency still exits in the management system of fiscal expenditure and the budget management is far from the target of departmental budget reform. Therefore, it is important to regulate departmental budgetary, to enhance audit and supervision of departmental budget and toconstruct perfect supervision systems.The current theoretical study on the supervision of departmental budget is few. Though a large amount of literature has made relatively thorough and deep analysis of the departmental budget reform in China about its significance,effect and problems, research on audit and supervision of departmental budget is not systematic.Accordingly, this study explored the departmental budgeting audit and supervision from of the view of principal-agent. The study come to coclusion based on the following steps:Firstly, with principal-agent theory as the basis, after analysis of the principal-agent relationship and agency problems of departmental budget in details, discuss how to set up an incentive and constraint mechanism which may efficiently control the agency problems in departmental budget.Secondly, mainly in consideration of conditions in China, benefited from the experience of foreign countries, from the aspect of regulating departmental budget making, put forward the basic idea and anticipated result of the departmental budgetreform in China. Thirdly, combined with the experience in fiscal work, on the grounds of deeply probing into the problems in departmental budget making and audit, put forward several suggestions for perfecting the supervision system of departmental budget in China. In order to make an all-round,in-depth and detailed study and offer my own viewpoint, this study has used two methods : One is standardizing analysis. This study carried over principal-agent theory previously used in research on business economic activities into departmental budget which belong to public area, so it successfully realized the combination of theory with practice. Furthermore, it attempted the method of mathematical reasoning, which helped to analyze and solve the problem of principal-agent in departmental budget. Then, this study exhaustively interpreted the principal-agent relationship in departmental budget under the political system with China characteristic. This study made how to set up effective supervision system in departmental budget the goal of research on the grounds of present conditions in China. Thus, the study has not only innovation in theory, but also practical value in method. The other is comparative analysis. The study compared and analyzed the differences in departmental budget between the developed countries and China, searched worldwide beneficial parts to be assimilated by China, so that China could have a more scientific and advanced basis of departmental budget making and supervision. From the above research, the study findings are as follows: 1.make clear the expectation aims of the departmental budget reform.2.enhance and perfect laws and rules of budget supervision.3.set up performance evaluation system of fiscal expenditure.4.deepen financial supervision and perfect essential guarantee in departmental budget making and audit.5.carry out sunny budget so as to create favorable conditions for the supervision of public opinion.
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