Research On The Cooperation And Competition Of Port Logistics System

ABSTRACT:With economic development and the dynamic changes of the transport network in the world, as well as the rise and the continuous development of the modern logistics' industry, port logistics as an important part of modern logistics has become an important pillar of the national economy. The function that Port as a linkage has gradually weakened when shipping is changed into other modes of transport. The port has become a major component of an integrated transport chain, continually to highlight the role of international trade and logistics. Based on the economic development of the hinterland, its economic regional development among the various ports of co-opetition has also become the hot point of the academic discussion.Port logistics system is complex, dynamic, open system closely linked with the external environment. Also it is an important bridge from the social system to economic system. To adapt to the need of economic globalization, there is a very important practical significance when we study mode of the port logistics system, create port logistics co-opetition system, and evaluate the co-opetition performance of the port logistics system to constantly improve their logistics system, to continuously innovate, and to promote the rapid development of the port economy.This paper synthetically uses such basic theories as complex systems, collaborative theory, game theory, and co-opetition theories. It analyzed the status and trends of domestic and international port logistics development to study development of ports linkage and the participants involved port logistics. In this foundation, it supplies the development of strategic port logistics positioning and co-opetition strategies; provides suitable port co-opetition mode for port logistics development in China, and use the game theory to analyze; frame co-opetition systems of port logistics system and the evaluation matrix, and has carried out empirical research on regional port group—Shantung Peninsula port group with the multi-level dynamic comprehensive evaluation method.Through this study, the conclusions are as follows:(1) By SWOT analysis studies, it is shown that:the disadvantage of development of port logistics system is the key problem. It has many factors to affect the port co-opetition. By its competitive pros and cons, the port effects horizontal competency greatly. This paper proposed to use twist mode strategy is more suitable for the development of port logistics system to achieve the strategic objectives for development.(2)It is found by the empirical:the total income of difference before and after the cooperation between the port and third-party logistics companies is greater than zero, it proves longitudinal co-opetition validly; the model can effectively solute to the profits distribution of the cooperation, which fully shows this study that virtual alliance has important guiding significance about the real operation.(3) The sensitivity analysis is shown that:influencing factors of the benefits of port co-opetition and the entire supply network including all relevant factors of co-opetition; It changes in the same direction between the benefits and vertical or horizontal co-opetition validity; the benefits from the development of the port itself is the biggest.(4) In this study, it analyzes location and level of the port, framing and establishing a three-level co-opetition system of port logistics and the evaluation matrix, and using multi-level dynamic gray comprehensive evaluation, probably and correctly reflecting the contribution to the evaluation results from the actual value of its evaluation index. It takes two concepts i.e."equilibrium" and "co-opetition validity" which can be used to determine the pros and cons of the co-opetition effects and the strength of the co-opetition validity.(5) By empirical research, the developing levels of the co-opetition of Qingdao subsystem is balanced among three ports i.e. Qingdao, Rizhao, and Yantai in the Shantung Peninsula. But co-opetition validity about Rizhao Port and Yantai Port maritime operations subsystems is relatively weak. Due to the superior natural location, good infrastructure, the hinterland of the economy, and efficient management, Qingdao port all ranked first in vertical co-opetition, horizontal co-opetition, and vertical or horizontal co-opetition aspects. The Rizhao Port and Yantai Port followed.There are the four main innovation points in this paper such as academic theory innovation, model innovation, system innovation and approaches innovation:In academic theory innovation, it is first time that comprehensively uses ideas and theories of complex systems, the Port linkage, competition and cooperation, and integration of co-ordination in the port logistics system co-opetition study, framing the port logistics system into a comprehensive conceptual of complex systems. Make the sub-system as a fulcrum to research Port linkage. At the same time, it proposed two new concepts about co-opetition equilibrium and co-opetition validity in terms of the difference for port development, effectively co-opetition theories, and the law of the marginal benefit diminishing.In the Co-opetition model of in the port logistics system, mainly there are two innovations. Firstly, in the game analysis it initially uses horizontal co-opetition model and vertical co-opetition model. Secondly, the port-level division initially uses the improved BCG matrix model.In the research system, according to the game theory to analyze the integration of horizontal co-opetition and vertical co-opetition, as well as to construct three-level co-opetition system of regional port logistics.In the research approaches, it flexibly uses the location quotient analysis and BCG matrix, and provides a revised double BCG matrix. Initially uses the Matrix to divide the port group level, expanding and updating the number of original indexes, replacing usual "growth rate" and "market share" with two sets of indexes i.e."throughput" and "hinterland throughput","throughput" and "foreign trade throughput "; Construct the evaluation matrix, adding a various of related indexes to the whole and two-level matrix. It modified the original evaluation system which focus on the logistics capabilities, but despise the service flexibility and the evaluation of the economic hinterland pattern. It comprehensively integrated vertical and horizontal systems, fully and accurately positioning of development of the port and the group. Also it effectively evaluates co-opetition validity of the port logistics.