Agricultural Policv Banking Svstem Innovation Research Based On The Concept Of Financial Function Perspective

Agricultural policy bank is the major policy-oriented financial institution that the world's governments intervention the market failure in rural financial markets. Agricultural Development Bank of China, as China's only agricultural policy bank, after several reforms in recent years, apart from the continuation of policy loans for food reserves and the protection of acquisition price, specifically to develop commercial loans but not policy-based lending business, can not play its agricultural policy bank should function.Domestic and abroad have many Study results, confirmed the importance of the agricultural policy banking system, noting some of the existence problems in it, But it is still a lack of systematic research on how to innovation in the banking system in China's agricultural policy bank, so in theory, can not properly guide practice. It is precisely because of the lack of theoretical and practical study. The current financial restructuring of Agricultural Development Bank, is under the guidance of the comprehensive development of financial theory, ignoring the business development policy loans, policy banks deviated from the purpose for running the line, causing the larger academic controversy.The purpose of this research is to study how China's agricultural policy bank function expansion and institutional innovation. How to better develop the agricultural policy credit services to help the Government, to better promote and achieve large agricultural development, Increase agricultural output and farmers income and rural development. And hope that through the agricultural policy banking system innovation research, give the Gcvernment and the leadership of the Agricultural Development Bank some advices of transformation of the Agricultural Development Bank, and provide reasonable policy recommendations. Based on the concept of financial function perspective, from the external environment for China's rural financial markets, starting that the lack of rural financial markets is the most important agricultural policy of the Agricultural Development Bank Credit fulfilling its functions,.While the demand for this feature to be made to the Agricultural Development Bank of function expansion and institution innovative in order to compensate for the (?)nadequacies of rural financial markets.This study idea is from the concept of financial functions perspective, the use of mixed economy, division of labor, transaction costs and institutional innovation theory, through comparative and analysis domestic and international agricultural policy banking systems, and through statistical and survey analysis on the operations of China's Agricultural Development Bank, put forward Combination of Market with Planned System innovation goal of Agricultural policy bank, and its theoretical argument, then use case study method to demonstrate the feasibility of Agricultural Development Bank to develop institutional innovations and functional expansion, and then using a questionnaire survey method to obtain expert advice, using analytic hierarchy process calculate the impacts of agricultural policy innovation in the banking system constraints and then propose measures and institutional innovation supporting measures. In accordance with this research ideas, draw these following conclusions:1. According to the mixed economy and the division of labor theory, rural financial markets should comprehensive plan and the market means to allocation of financial credit resources, and agricultural policy banks, commercial banks and rural credit cooperatives to make a rational division of labor between and co-operation will more efficient.2. China's agricultural policy bank dysfunction and system defects. Statistical and survey research methods analysis showed that the Agricultural Development Bank of China initial part of the planned economic system, Offside the position of fiscal. After 2004, the Agricultural Development Bank belongs to laissez-faire market economy system, Main business bias of the commercial credit, stand on the wrong position of commercial banks, they all have flaws and can not compensate for lack of rural financial markets, they are inconsistent with the laws of the world and the conditions of nation. Market failure of the external environment and agricultural policy shortcomings of the banking system caused the need of institutional innovation.3. Put forward innovation goal of Agricultural Development Bank of China is Combination of Market with Planned Agricultural policy bank System. It is a multi-functional, Low Risk, mainly support Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, fishery, strong independent, with proper planning and market instruments, policies risk fund for protection, Combination of Market with Planned Agricultural policy bank System. Agricultural Development Bank of China should have functions and responsibilities of agricultural policy bank, carry out institutional innovation and the development of agricultural policy lending operations. Made the task of institutional innovation goal is to make up for the rural financial market failure to ensure that agricultural supply and ecological security, increase employment, maintaining social equity and stability and achieve maximum overall efficiency.4. Used the methods of questionnaires and expert interviews, calculated using AHP institutional innovation main constraints are six major factors:the Agricultural Development Bank operational policies and regulations, Agricultural Development Bank policy-oriented loans to small areas, preferential policy on agricultural credit, the Agricultural Development Bank agency network and the small number of personnel. Whether fiscal policy to subsidize loss-making. Enterprises and the farmer's credit awareness are not strong.5. Proposed implement in the path design of agricultural policy bank institutional innovation goals are:to ensure that national "food security", the main agricultural supply and the "ecological security" business strategy of innovation. Redefine agricultural policy bank theory border, size of the border and business border innovation. Think that the scale of agricultural policy loans is limited by venture capital, profitability and risk of loss; Agricultural development banks should support the policy, adverse selection, induction, support and service functions; the Agricultural Development Bank have a clear internal division of labor should be divided into two departments to operating policies and commercial credit, Responsibility, power, interests and the credit approval are decentralization; should adhere to the agricultural policy banking system, improve internal evaluation and reward system, and strengthen the legal system; improve credit risk prevention system, the collateral system innovation, improve the forest right mortgage loan system, proposed non-auction-style system of agricultural land rent mortgage innovative design solutions, complete credit system. 6. Proposed implement in the support measures of agricultural policy bank institutional innovation goals are strengthening coordinate between the agricultural policy and agricultural policy bank system. Establish of rural credit guarantee system, improve the rural credit environment, improving the agricultural policy-based lending risk fund as a compensation mechanism and rationalize the agricultural policy bank's external relations.In short, agricultural policy bank is the world's rural financial system and an integral part of. Functional perspective from the financial perspective, the phenomenon of China's rural financial market failure raised serious external environment improving the agricultural policy bank functional requirements, and the function is performed by the Agricultural Development Bank to undertake efficient and a better effect, the Agricultural Development Bank should be more than features, so Agricultural Development Bank should carry on multi-functional and Combination of Market with Planned Agricultural Policy Bank System innovation.This paper argues that the Agricultural Development Bank of the goal should be positioned to ensure national food security, the main agricultural supply and ecological security, make up for lack of rural financial markets. Through the relaxation of credit conditions, receive special collateral ways, set up a risk reserve fund and other measures to try to help those who are difficult to obtain commercial loans of qualified agricultural enterprises and the rural economic organizations, to provide them with agricultural policy loans, increase in credit capital investment in agriculture, so as to promote agricultural production, incomes to farmers and rural development.Based on the above studies, paper innovations are mainly manifested in the following three areas:1. In theory, put forward innovative defines the scale of agricultural policy loans boundary. Think that the scale of agricultural policy loans are limited by the following three factors, financial risk allowance funds, the amount of agricultural policy bank profitability and risk of loss rate.2. Introduction AHP into the research areas in agricultural policy bank, analysis of the main constraints in the institutional innovation of China's agricultural policy bank.3. Proposed and demonstrated the necessity and feasibility of the China's Agricultural Policy Bank system innovation goals is Combination of Market with Planned Agricultural Policy Bank System.