Study On The Gene And Its Mechanism Of Innovative Small And Medium-sized Enterprises

Innovative Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise (ISMEs) has become a most innovative vigor part of the national innovative system and economic development by strong motivation and flexible operation mechanism. Although they share a very small percentage in the Small and Medium-Sized group, ISMEs has created most of the new technology, new products and patents, and so on. In the meantime, they have also played an important role in solving the resident employment, optimizing the industrial structure, accelerating the growth of high-tech enterprises, promoting the technical innovation and development and maintaining vitality of market competition, etc. However, with the science development and technical advancement, ISMEs faces a more complexity business environment, sharp increasing uncertainty and fierce market competition which posed a server challenge on the firm survival and development, and most of them encounters growth crisis. Therefore, it is necessary to promoting the healthy and rapid development of ISMEs by analyzing the firm gene and internal mechanism of firm gene.The scholars carry out lots of attention on the field of firm gene, such as conception, composition, structure, function of firm gene, which are important basis to promote the sustainable growth of ISMEs. It is pity that there has not yet reached consensus on these problems. Especially, the study on the mechanism about how firm gene affect on growth of ISMEs is more relatively weaker. Thus, it is still need to be deepened to analytic the firm gene from the nature, identify the composition of gene, disclose the basic function of gene, and construct on the unified theoretical framework of ISMEs from the gene angel. In order to provide new evidence and deepened the theoretical research about the sustainable growth of ISMEs from the gene angel, the paper tries to put forwards a class research framework about firm gene, namely that elements-structure-function based on above consideration and content of life science.In accordance with above logic thinking, the main content of this paper can be summarized as the following four aspects: Firstly, definition, composition and screening of firm gene. Based on the characters of ISMEs and life science theory, the paper proposes and defines the conception, structure, and five key elements of firm gene which include entrepreneur resource, human resource, knowledge resource, technical resource and financial resource. Then, taking the Listed Companies in China as sample, the composition of firm gene is certified by using the statistical methods including factor analysis, variance analysis, multiple comparisons, comprehensive evaluation, and analytic hierarchy process, which lay the foundation for further study.Secondly, gene expression regulation of ISMEs. According to the biological genetic central dogma of gene expression, the paper clarifies the mechanism about how firm gene affects firm growth, based on which the conception model of central dogma of ISMEs is constructed. Under the guidance of this principle, two processes are explained included the transcription and translation of firm gene, which gene transcription refers to the conceptualization from gene to encode gene, and gene translation is the concrete process from encoding gene to modularity. Then, the mechanism of gene expression regulation is also made known.Thirdly, gene mutation of ISMEs. Owing to the beings needs to maintain the highly ordered structure by exchanging the material, energy, and information with environment, ISMEs also needs to optimize the internal structure and function with changing in the environment, which is a necessary condition for sustaining growth of firm. Thus, the paper analyzes the nature, categories, and motivation by using the theory of biological gene mutation, based on which the process of gene mutation is putted forwarded, and the results of mutation is also be further discussed based the evolutionary game model.Fourthly, gene-based simulation of ISMEs. In accordance with the above analysis, the paper simulates the dynamic process of firm growth in the evolution process by the methods of agent-based model.Based on the above the studies, five main conclusions obtained are as follows:In the first, the paper reconstructs the gene conception of firm with the essential features of ISMEs, based on which the gene elements are identified that included entrepreneur resource, human resource, knowledge resource, technical resource and financial resource.In the second, taking the listed companies which meet the criterions of ISMEs in China as sample, the gene elements are scrolled by the empirical research. The results of ANOVA analysis indicate that there are significant differences in the mean of different gene elements between groups and the mean of high growth group and middle growth group are significantly higher than the low high growth group with the changes growth level.In the third, with the precondition, the central dogma of gene expression is formulated based on the mature theory and method of life science, such as the store, expression and basic expression rules of genetic information.In the fourth, the paper summarizes the motivation of genetic variation by analyzing the nature of firm gene. The internal factors include five aspects, such as entrepreneurs, innovation motivation, organizational learning, and benefits. The external factors include policy environment, technical environment, economic environment, industry environment and financial ecology environment, and so on.In the fifth, the results of simulation indicate that the number of individual is faster increasing in the early stage, but the growth slows down in the later stage and entry and exit maintains volatility around the certain level. In the same time, the average financial level and output level of individual show a rising trends in the industry, but which is volatility. Moreover, the probability of radical R&D and business model strategy selected is increasing with the enhanced dynamic and complexity of environment, and with the changes in the organization and management capacity the scale, technical level, and financial strength is significantly improving.Accordingly, there have three aspects in the innovation about the paper followed:In the first place, answering the proposition that the gene of ISMEs. Based the system science thinking the paper reconstruct the basic gene conception of ISMEs, and constructs the new conception system about the firm gene which is different from the conception established using the businesses bionics theory, genetic theory, complex adaptive system and evolution theory, on the basis of which the paper proposes a measurement system of gene elements by analyzing the key factors which has affect on the firm growth, which provides a meaningful reference to how use the gene theory to study growth.In the second place, based on the redefining the firm gene and gene theory in the biology science the theoretical framework of the elements-structure-function is constructed to analyze the growth of ISMEs, which provides a new way to promote the firm growth from the system science angel.In the third place, analyzing the mechanism that gene affects the growth of ISMEs. The concept model of the central dogma of ISMEs is mapped by analogizing the transmission mechanism of genetic information in life science, and the motivation and results are clarified which is help to analyze variation mechanism in the evolution process. Then, on the basis of complex adaptive system the simulating model is constructed to simulate the resource allocation mechanism, the market competition mechanism, selection mechanism and the mutation mechanism by using the agent-based model.