| Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the important bridge connecting the physical world and the information world. It changes the way human being interacts with the nature impressively and makes many amazing applications come true. Nowdays, WSN starts to step out of laboratories and be used in the large-scale commercial senarios. The key problems must be cared about now are related to engineering, including how to improve the utility and facility of WSN, guarantee the quality of service and strengthen the R&D mehtods.This dissertation proposes the service-oriented architecture of WSN and improves the methods of protocol engineering, on the basis systematically summarizing the relevant works. Specifically, the main contributions are as follows:1) This dissertation proposes the service-oriented architecture of WSN (SoWSN) as tranditional layered architecture hardly catches up with the development of WSN. SoWSN is featured by its heap-based protocols organization. There are two advantages making SoWSN more suitable to build WSN system. The first one is named flat communication, a novel energy-efficient process of data frame encapsulation and parsing. The other one is the way information exchange between protocols using message bus, which could simplify the information share and distribution in cross-layer design. Meanwhile, we develop a specific WSN simulator based on OMNET++, on which the cross-layer optimization test in SoWSN is achieved.2) This dissertation proposes a service-centric communication paradigm to describe the network behaviors of WSN and conclude the application-independent network behavior model. Firstly, this dissertation discusses the service discovery respectively in infrastructural networks and ad hoc networks. Sencondly, this dissertation model the service-centric routing by hierachical colored petri nets, highlighting the special tricks using color sets and parameterized configuration to model multihops routing in large-scale networks with the limited model size. When analyzing the model, a potential risk in the routing mechanism resulting from the nodes sleeping is detected. At last, the similarity and difference between data-centric paradigm and service-centric paradigm is disussed and compared througn a simulation in heterogeneous WSN.3) This dissertation proposes a novel Petri net derivate named Colored Interpreted Petri nets (CIPN), to bridge the gap between formal analysis and simulation in Protocol Engineering. Firstly, the preliminary knowledge about CIPN is introduced, including definition, operation mehcanisim and observability. Secondly, inspired by the observer pattern, a general scheme making CIPN work with protocol simulator collaboratively is also presented. And finally we show the collaborative simulation example based on CIPN and OPNET. The CIPN-based collaborative simulation could play an important role in Protocol Engineering, since it connects formal analysis and general protocol simulator so closely for the first time and could verify the correctness and test performance when simulating the same models.4) This dissertation proposes a novel concept named protocol reengineering to normalize the process of customization to the existing WSN protocols. The preliminary knowledge about protocol reengineering is discussed first. And the methodology named U-CPN, which combines UML and CPN together, is presented to help formalize the modeling and analysis of reengineered protocols. Meanwhile, the equality between U-CPN and UML model is proofed based on network morphism. The process of protocol customization, if guided by protocol reengineering, would benefit from controllability, intuition, and especially the strength of formal analysis.5) This dissertation implements the prototype of SoWSN, which is derived form Zigbee and fulfilled on JN5121 integrated module and BOS operating system. The prototype is used to build a demo integrating EPCglobal and WSN. Comparing with the origin Zigbee, the one guided by SoWSN perform better on relieving the network load and speeding the data response time.
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