Research On Some Key Technologies Of Information Acquisition And Application

The information-chain is made up of information acquisition, processing and transportation, which form the three mainstays of Information Science, namely. Information acquisition, Computer and Communication. At the present time, discipline systems of information processing and information transportation have already been constructed. However, the source of information chain, information acquisition still rests on the low level of sensor technique, which is becoming the bottleneck of Information Science in the 21^st Century.To construct the discipline system of information acquisition, is to upgrade the traditional sensor technique to the level of science, and is to break through the traditional limitation in scientific depth and technical scope. This is a new scientific research domain of leading importance. Therefore, information acquisition is gaining in popularity as evidenced by the increasing number of researches. This thesis tries to research on some questions in Information Acquisition Science in this new domain. We wish an introductory work for Information Acquisition Science.The main works we do in this thesis may be summed as follows:1, From microscopic viewpoint, the origin of sensor technologies is the basic interacting effects between particles. The analysis of means about material layer of information acquisition has carried out. On the groundwork of particle-field interaction, the concept of information of material layer is defined as "external expression of existing form of matter", and the concept of information acquisition is defined as the process of information convert and capture. Due to its basically physical background, this concept is suit for general analysis for sensor technologies.2, This research proposed a symbolic expression method which classifies sensory mechanisms by Boolean symbolism. This classification belongs to the universal model research of the material layer of the discipline of information acquisition science and technology. Based on basic physics theories, sensory mechanisms were classified using a binary tree structure. Every type mechanism has been expressed with Boolean symbol. The symbolic expression method describes the performances deference of sensors, including accuracy and dynamic performance. Some conclusions could be easily obtained from this group effect: 1, different group has different performances in information acquisition; 2, same group has similar performances; 3, more closer of relationship between groups, more similar on performance; 4, size has an infection on frequency performance of sensors. Actual applications were analyzed to demonstrate the relation concluded from the Boolea(?) classification presented in this thesis. The results showed that this symbolic expression method could be used to forecast the performances of new sensor on a certain extend, especially in inertial sensor field. The process of signal transport through the material layer is analyzed, and a poly layer model of error transmission is established and adopted to interpret the precision limitation of sensor technologies. A design strategy for high-accuracy survey is proposed based on this poly layer model of error transmission.3, It is difficult to get the analytic solution of difference equation by using traditional methods with computer. A linear method based on complete linear transformation for getting the analytic solution of difference equation is proposed in this thesis. The idea of this new method is dimensionality reduction. The orders of the high-order difference equations are reduced through determinant calculation, and this process is repeated till the last analytic expression of the solution of the difference equation is gotten. In essence, this algorithm is a transformation of Z-transform method combined with linear algebra method. The linear property of this algorithm enables one to get analytic solution other than numerical solution of difference equations using computer. All corresponding theorems and characters are proved and illustrated.4, Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Project 50534050), a real-time alarm method for methane outbursts is proposed. The method is established on the real-time analysis of the increasing velocity and the acceleration of the methane concentration curve. A real-time alarm algorithm based on fuzzy mathematics is presented. A prototype instrument and experiment results are presented and analyzed, which show good performance of this proposed method. This method can be used to give triggering signal to the explosion suppressing system at very early stage of outburst. Considering the actual status of china, this device and the corresponding method is suit for linking with the methane monitoring system of mine, which makes this research valuable for safety in production.