The Methodological Study On High-Resolution Optical And SAR Data Fusion And Typical Objects Extraction

Data fusion and information extraction are the research hotspots in remote sensing fields. At present, the research on data fusion based on wavelet transform is to be more attached importance to. However, the information extraction now introduces the knowledge-based method, which is more complicated than some simple methods such as the band combination method.High-resolution remote sensing image, especially high-resolution SAR image reflects the abundant information of objects on the earth's surface. The image can satisfy the need to obtain precise information of the objects. Therefore, the high-resolution remote image will be widely used and the relative key techniques need to be studied imminently. The method of improving the resolution to make the image really reflect the earth's surface and the method of precisely and fastly extracting the objects' information on structure and location information are the significative research orientations.With the above research hotspots and research status, this paper analyzed and researched on the high-resolution optical and SAR images. After analyzing some typical objects on the basis of the imaging mechanism of SAR image, we used the wavelet theory, texture analysis technique and knowledge-based method to study data fusion and information extraction from high-resolution remote sensing images. We pointed out some research orientations and gave the feasible methods.The innovations in this dissertation are as following:(1) This paper put forward a kind of fusion method, which could keep the spectral feature and improve the spatial resolution of high-resolution optical image. Based on the wavelet theory and local correlation coefficient, we fused the panchromatic band with the multi-spectral bands of Quickbird image of the Zhongguancun area in Beijing. This method has enhanced the information, improved the resolution and kept the spectral feature, and it resolved the problem of how to keep the spectral feature when fusing images to improve the resolution. The fused image can more really reflect the earth's surface and be used in precise mapping, extraction and retrieval.(2) Water extraction was studied with detecting and deleting false alarms brought by the building shadows in high-resolution SAR image. After analyzing the object's feature in high-resolution SAR image, which was acquired for monitoring the Huai river flood, we used the texture feature and imaging knowledge of building to detect and delete the buildings shadows, and extracted the water. The result was satisfying. This method can be used to estimate the rainfall and number of ponds.(3) The fitting method to extract the road from high-resolution SAR image was brought forward. The mode of SAR imaging and the shelter of some other objects to road make the road edge in SAR image unclear and irregular. Therefore, this paper introduced the approaches: extract the road skeleton, fit the skeleton, and build the centerline of road to finish road extraction from the high-resolution SAR image of the Zhongguancun area in Beijing. This method resolved the problem of how to extract the urban road from high-resolution SAR image. The method can provide the vector...