| Schistosomiasis, a parasite disease with great harms for human health, is highly prevalent in the most area of Africa, Asia and Latin America. Schistosomiasis diagnosis is an essential but far from well solved global problem due to its biological nature and the detection means. The existing methods used for clinical analysis are either of low sensitivity, requiring qualified personal, or time consuming, complicated and using expensive instruments. Additionally, only Ca. 90% of infected samples tested show positive results, or a considerable part escape the screening test. For the time being, it is still significant and necessary to explore some new, simple, fast and low cost diagnostic methods with high sensitivity and real-time output.Amperometric immunosensors are highly sensitive to multiple electrochemical analytical technology and conventional ELISA method. Compared other electrochemical sensing technologies, they are the advantage of low cost, simplicity to use, high sensitivity, ease to digitize and real-time output. One of the obstacles retarding the practical application of immunosensors is their reusability. The development of renewable amperometric is a possible way to circumvent the problem. Here, antigen (antibody) is immobilized with graphite (carbon) and carrier on a transducer, the analyze is measured through on enzyme catalytic reaction after sandwich or competitive immunoreaction. The surface of immunosensor can be renewed by simply polishing to obtain a fresh layer of immunocomposite ready to be used in a new immunoassay. Compared to the ELISA and radioimmunoassay (RIA), the proposed method is simply, speedy and provides a promising alternative to the diagnostic method in clinical laboratory. This thesis focuses on the development of renewable amperometric immunosensor with diseases. Additionally, the interactions of DNA with some sensing carriers were investigated. The complexes of schiffbase are not only the carriers of cation on potentiometric sensors but also anticancer drugs. It can induce or cleave DNA in the present of cooxidant,and its anticancer effect increase when metal ions complex it. This thesis studies the interaction of DNA with some metal Schiff-base complexes with fluorescence spectra, The model of the interaction were investigated in details, and two specific anticancer drugs were obtained. The detailed materials are shown as follows:This first part: Renewable amperometric imn~iunosensors have been developed with paraffin as carrier. The biocomposite, which needs no additional curing, is directly used to construct the immunosensor at room temperature. The incorporation of BSA into the biocomposite reduces nonspecific adsorption of immunosensors to a lower level. Using o-aminophenol as a substrate, HRP as label, a competitive immunoassay is used to determine the concentration of the analyte. (1) In chapter 1, a renewable amperometric immunosensor has been proposed for the determination of SchistosomaJaponium antibody (SjAb) in rabbit serum. The SjAb can be determined in the range of 0.36-14.4 ug昺L?and the proposed immunosensors can be used for the determination of SjAb in serum and the evaluation of infection degree. A newly prepared schistosma-japonium immunosensor can be used at least for 100 immuoassays. (2) In chapter 2 and 3, renewable transferrin and complement 3 amperometric immunosensors have been developed for the determination of transferrin and complement 3 in human serum. Amperometric detection has been used to detect the action of enzyme binding on the surface of immunosensor. The current changes before and after the addition of substrate were linearly dependent on the transferrin concentrations in tie range of 2.36?7.0 ug.mL?and complement 3 concentration in the range of 1.1 7?9.25 ug.mL? In chapter 4, renewable arnperometric immunosensor based on sol-gel technique has been developed by dispersing graphite, complement 3 antiserum and sol-gel at low temperature for the determination of complement 3 in human serum. Using C3 labeled with hor...
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