Research On Structure Principle And Key Technologies Of Visual Properties For Bionic Eye

Visual system of human-being provides more than 80% of the information we used during daily life, thus it means the eyes, which are the key component of the visual system, are extremely important. In the modern industry, the visual information, which is acquired by different types of sensor, plays an important role as well. With rapid development of the science and technology, researchers had invented and manufactured the vision sensor based on the inspiration of the human visual system. Such sensors could percept the light signal and information of the objects. With these sensors and digital process technology, machine vision, a fresh research area, boomed rapidly. Nowadays, it's already widely utilized. In fact, human visual system includes a comprehensive information acquisition and processing mechanism. However, most of the visual systems inspired by human eyes are simple version. Analyzing the perception mechanism and properties of the human eyes could provide the theory fundamental and enhance its application in machine vision area. In the thesis, we would analyze the components of general human visual system, provided a bionic mechanical eye's model. Then, with the inspiration of the human vestibular mechanism, a video stabilization algorithm is introduced. Meanwhile, the visual attention mechanism and stereo vision by monocular system are our research topics as well. The simulation and experiments are designed to prove the algorithms above. The main contents are as follow:In chapter 1, the related study background and significance are introduced. On the basis of analyzing the components and mechanism of human visual system, both the domestic and international research achievements are investigated broadly. Finally, we listed the important research problem and introduced our research topics.In chapter 2, the properties of the generalized visual system are analyzed. Under the hypothesis, a novel type of bionic visual system is designed. The new structure of the bionic eye is inspired by human eyes, which includes six linear motion actuators to simulate the muscles around the eye of human and sensors for vision and orientations of eyeball. The dimension of the structure is designed and optimized. Finally, we utilized the designed eye model to simulate the saccadic movement of human, the motion of each actuator are solved by kinematics.In chapter 3, the influence of video record during abnormal moving of the camera is introduced. Firstly, we analyzed the basic video stabilization theory and methods. Inspired by the using of vestibular system to stabilize and compensate the head motion of human, a novel video stabilizing method is proposed. The features are extracted from sub-area of the entire image, and with the prediction of the further moving vector, the influence of the moving features are decreased. After video stabilization, the bounder area of the each frame is missed more or less, by simulating the mechanism of human eyes, a novel data recovery method based on visual delay is proposed to display the whole image area.In Chapter 4, we analyzed the visual attention mechanism and center-surround visual sampling on retina. A model based on low-level visual features for visual attention is proposed. In this model, the feature extracting algorithm is non-linear methods and multi-scale image of each feature are acquired. The conspicuity maps are generated with adjustable scale number, which is based on size of the area. The application of visual attention mechanism is analyzed and an image compression algorithm based on visual attention area and conspicuity maps is proposed. In that algorithm, the compression rate is adjustable, which could decrease the memory consumption.In chapter 5, the perception mechanism of human visual system for moving objects is analyzed. Based on the properties of the video content, the moving objects segmentation algorithm by Gauss model is proposed. In the typical DPCM video compression model, the quant matrix for compression the block is static. In this thesis, a quant matrix scaled algorithm based on content is proposed. The quant matrix slides from region of interested to background consecutively. The method proposed could reduce the memory request of compressed video.In chapter 6, models of stereo vision system of human is introduced. Compared with widely used binocular type for stereo vision, in the thesis the stereo cues for monocular vision is investigated. By the hypothesis, a novel model for 3D measurement by single camera is proposed. The digital image processing algorithms are important in stereo vision. A novel feature extraction algorithm based on color space and circle shape is proposed. After analyzing the properties of the zoomed images, the 1-D matching algorithm could reduce the 2-D full searching to 1-D on a selected line segment. The virtual environment is constructed for simulation and experiment.In chapter 7, the major work of the thesis is summarized. The conclusion and innovations of this thesis are introduced. Finally, the future development topics are presented in order to provide guidance for researchers, who are interested in such kind of projects...