Japanese Living Writing Educational Research

The separation from life to education is a principal problems of modern education .In order to overcome the malpractice brought by the separation,there emerges the educational thoughts and practice of life-based composition in Japan. It is a civic educational movement which roots in the soil of Japanese society and is closely connected with the Japanese life. Meanwhile,the thoughts and the methods contained in the movement is helpful to solve verious problems originating from scientism and capabilitism.The life-based composition is both an educational activity and a teaching methodology of composition. The research from the view of comparative studies between China and Japan puts forward the problems existing in modern children's life,analyzing the problems of formal training in Chinese composition teaching at the same time as a starting point. Through recalling of the history of the thoughts and practices of life-based composition and regulating the theoretical researches of life-based composition,the research wants to clarify the content of the educational thoughts and methods,and the tasks faced in the education of life-based composition in Japan. Finally,on the basis of analyzing the composition textbook of modern Japanese language textbooks,the research defines the position and patterns of the life-based composition in modern Japanese education.The first part,the history and thoughts of modern Japanese life-based composition education,expounds the leading representatives and their thoughts and practices during the history of development of it,intending to elaborate the line of the development of life-based composition. As the prehistory of life-based composition,on the one hand,Enosuke Ashita and his thoughts of "casual selection" pursued the educational objective efforts through the back-to-tradition;on the other hand,Miekichi Suzuki and Hakusyo Kitahara and their art liberal education movement is a kind of direction of children-based composition. In the history of life-based composition,Yoshibee Nomura and her conception on life education and life-based composition,and Takayoshi Sasaoka and his thinking about human nature and children occupied important places. Furthermore,positive research composition and local composition education in North Japan is a practice with special characteristics. The revival of the postwar life-based composition movement under the democratic educational system is the continuity of the prewar movement of it.The second part,the theory and the research of the life-based composition education,sorts out theoretical research of the postwar life-based composition from the view of epistemology,collectivism and developmentalism. Tarou Ogawa and his life-based composition epistemology tried to construct a path from the perception to the rationality. The collectivism of the life-based composition shows us a way of the construction of a class and collective thinking and also demonstrates the function in promoting the subjective personality of children,and finds the developmental stages of children's personality.The third part,the life-based composition education in modern Japanese education,analyzes and comments the composition textbooks which appears in the forms of children's poems investigation composition,collective composition,the composition of life record and self-growing history. To a certain extent,the four forms of composition absorb and preserve the achievement of the thoughts and practices of life-based composition.The final chapter considers that restoring the life education is the basic task faced to the modern education. To this end,the life-based composition is of great importance.