Cause Of The Crisis In Darfur And The Solution

In 2003, massive violence took place and worse up in Darfur. Since independence, the long-lasting civil war between The North and The South has been ongong. Religion difference becomes one important angle to explain this war by the outer-side world. But if we use the same angle to analyze the Darfur Crisis, it doesn't work, because whether the Black or the Arab are the believers of Islam.Regarding the reasons of violence and large-scale violence, many scholars gave their different explanations. In The Politics of Collective violence, Charles Tilly provides us a new angle of view about large-scale violence. Through social interaction, he explains the process of collective violence.In a society, every people has his different indentities. One person in different occasions, may be a worker or a member of a party or a member of a religious sect. Among these different indentities, the political entrepreneurs will activate two opposite identities to separate"us"from"them", which is a process of boundary activation, as well as a process of violence. Using this theory to explain Darfur Crisis will give us a new angle to illustrate the causes and process of it.Half century has passed since the independence of Sudan, almost forty years in conflicts. Millitary and civil governments in succession are involved in massive violences. Against the background of the whole Sudan, boundaries have existed before the Darfur Crisis. One is the boundary between the independent Darfur and the independent Nile Valley, another boundary exsits between the center and the fringe, the third is the hostility between the Black and The Arab which brings about by the war between the North and the South. In addition to the frequent regime change and unstability after independence also damage the whole Sudan society's cohesion.Standing on the area of Darfur, there are many facters to lead this crisis. The first is the influence of The Umma party. The Umma Party was divided into two separated orgnazitions for in the late of sixtes, for their own benefits, Sadiq and Imam Hadi indoctrinated the idea of race politics to the Arabian and the Black in Darfur, policalized their identity through ideological construction. The second reason is Chadian civil war's overflow. With the war enlargement in 60th, libya and Sudan aslo involved in for its own benefit.As the crossboundary, Darfur became another main battlefield. Different roles embark on a political venture, which made the identity of Arab and the Black more clear. Contesting resource and pasture under the degeneration of enviorments was the third reason .The heavy drought worsen the Darfur weak environment, sustaining drought, increasing population and decreasing resources led to the conflicts among the Arab and African living different life-styles .The four reason is the ethnic concept and the scarity of national indentity, all these led to the crises。In order to resolve the crisis peacefully, the international community, including the United Nations and Africa Union do their best to prompt talks.In the process, China play a constructive role. Though, China also got the pressures and doubts from the western medias, political and government circles. The Darfur Crisis brings about great threat to China's foreign policy, and also gives us a chance to rejust our foreign policy.Through analysis, Darfur Crisis is resulted in many factors, which is not simple clash of civilizations or ethnic conflicts,but the result which bring about by the social and regional contradictions.To alleviate this crisis, international society should try their best. Darfur needs a "double-track" strategy of paying equal attention to operations aiming at peace and stability and a political course aiming at national reconciliation, which is accepted by the international society. It needs the Sudan government's coopernation to deploy AU-UN joint peacekeeping force. Only with the help of AU-UN joint peacekeeping force, security conditions as well as regional reconstruction can be achieved, which serve as an important precondition to lasting peace in the region. All these needs the cooperation from the Sudan Government, that is President Omer al-Bashir's government, the international society shoud also recognize this fact.