Party's Leadership And The Citizens' Orderly Political Participation

The citizen participation is the new tendency of democratic development in the contemporary western developed countries, which emphasizes that introducing more direct participation under the representative system democratic framework, will expand the citizen participation on both the national and social affairs. The present paper took references on theories of the citizen participation in the Western countries; meanwhile, it emphasizes more to study the China's political participation questions under the Chinese national conditions. The present paper tries to make great efforts to provide references for our country's political practice, to enrich and develop China's political participation theory by objective and comprehensive research on Chinese contemporary citizen participation.This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter elaborated that the orderly political participation of the citizen is the fundamental mode under which the people are the master of own affairs leaded by party. As a kind of the democratic idea complying with modern democratic development tidal current, the citizen participation is the reflection and request of the realistic social political life practice. There are two reasons for its prosperous .One is the trust crisis of representative system democratic pattern; the other is rapid development of the network, which makes the citizen participation feasible. Due to the Communist Party of China is the core leadership of the socialist construction with Chinese characteristics, it is necessary to persist on the party's leadership in widening the citizen participation .That is the concrete utilization of Marxist historical materialism in the democratic political domain, the party's positive response to the democratized tide occurred in the worldwide scale, the objective request of socialist market economy and the fundamental mode under which the people being the master of the public power leaded by the party.The second chapter reviewed the theory and the practice of the citizen participation leaded by the party. Established in 1921, the Communist Party of China devotes continuously to widen the citizen participation in an orderly manner. In this aspect, we have successful experiences as well as profound lessons or even serious setbacks. The citizen participation occurred in the revolutionary age took the political mobilization as its main form, which was divided into four important stages: the Great Revolution time, the agrarian revolution time, the Sino-Japanese War time and the war of liberation time. The paper put its emphasis on the political participation during the Sino-Japanese War time leaded by our party. After the liberation, we experienced the development in the early period of the new China, the serious setbacks of the political participation from 1966 to1976. Through historical inspection of the political participation leaded by our party, the paper summarized some regular principles and the historical experiences. They are as follows: the participation must be carried on orderly, pay attention to the construction of the material base, build the modern politics culture positively, strengthen the system construction, and persist on principles in an orderly way.The third chapter analyzed the present situation of the citizen participation in our country. Its characteristic is that the progress and the question coexisting in the total appraisal. The participation enthusiasm coexisted with that of indifference; expansion of participation channel coexisted with the impeded participation channel; political orientation coexisted with beneficial orientation; the individual participation coexisted with the community participation; formalized participation coexisted with the substantive participation; Orderly political participation coexisted with the random political participation. The main existing questions included the psychology indifference, unbalanced development of participation, the disordering network participation, and the soaring cost of participation and the disordering participation behavior. Take this analysis as the foundation, the paper further analyzed the deep level of factors affecting and restricting the development of political participation, for instance, the economy level of development, the improvement of system and mechanism, and the condition of the political culture and that of the main participating body.The fourth chapter proposed the main ways by which we can widen the orderly citizen participation with the Chinese characteristics. To broad it is a complex and arduous historic task, which needs to take comprehensive measures into account. Our party is the key to solve China's matters. As the ruling party of China and the core of leadership, the Communist Party of China must provide the political safeguard for the political participation of citizens in an orderly manner, set up the scientific idea to better serve the people, strengthen the democracy within the party, guide the social political participation by developing the democracy within the party. The system construction has the fundamental, the overall, the stabile and the long-term characteristics. The effective system safeguard plays a necessary role in expanding the orderly citizen participation. The basic system, proved by practice and conformed to the Chinese national condition, should go on persisting and improving. It is our party's duty to encourage the system innovation, unimpeded and broad the citizen political participation channel, make full use of the network, standard network political participation, advance organizational participation of the mass organization, cultivate participation culture, and improve the individual politics quality.In brief, we must persist on organic unification of the party leadership, the public power being from the people, and ruling the nation legally to broad the orderly citizen participation. We can strengthen the citizen consciousness unceasingly; improve the citizen participation ability, guides citizen to form the democratic habit through the system innovation and the grassroots autonomous practices. In this way, we can lay the solid foundation for the entire national political life democratization.