| Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, a lot of countries and regions in the world have been pursuing the high speed of industrial growth blindly, without paying attention to protecting ecological environment > which causes excessive exploitation and consumption of environmental resources , and discharging rejectamenta even toxicant excessively. In addition, the rapid growth of population and consumption had made our environment suffered from serious pollution and damages. The traditional developing model of our industry—" high production, high consumption and high pollution", has brought our environment undesirable and extremely deleterious consequence.In 1960s, most countries in the world began to realize the problem of environmental protection in condition of economic development. The UNCHE in 1972 attached the importance of the environment protection of countries all over the world .Consequently, some developed countries and developing countries (eg, China) gradually adopt the environment regulation policy with the purpose of protecting national ecology environment and promoting the sustainable development of economy and society. For example, China's project of environmental protection started with the UNCHE in Stockholm in 1972, in which Chinese mission has participated. Since 1973 , China have already set up a series of tentative management systems of environmental protection, including the economic development and to impose on citizen's consciousness of protecting environmental, as well as insist on the policy of constantly increase both in range and strength of China's environmental protection. Our view of scientific development has rooted in the everyone's mind, especially since the 16th National Congress of Communist Party of China. In order to alleviate the pressure to the environment effectively, which was caused by economic development, and realize the rule of "people first" , overall ,coordinative and continual development , our government has strengthened the environment regulation .it include two aspects: Firstly, we have launched higher environmental standard concerning traditional manufacturing industry, thus improve the barrier of entering a industry; Secondly ,we should closed down small enterprises which consumed too much energy and polluted heavily firmly, and to reduce the number of pollution sources which destroyed the ecological environment, to improve our country's environmental capacity.There are always two different schools on issues of environment regulation and enterprises development. The pessimistic school believes that regulating environment will impose upon cost , and reduce the efficiency of productivity and total profit ofenterprises; While the positive school holds the view that the environment regulation will make enterprises concentrate on technological innovation, and improve enterprise's productivity as well as international competitiveness . Potter , a representative of positive school , put forward the famous theory of " Potter's hypothesis " .His hypothesis emphasizes the idea that regulating environment reducing the productivity is based on static observation which assumes that technology , products , production process and consumption demand are all unchangeable. But from the dynamic view, regulating environment will change the condition of enterprise's non-efficiency and reduce pollution degree, increase output in ways of technological innovation which can compensate the part of cost-increasing caused by environment regulation. If innovative effect are so sufficient that regulation could reach a" we-win " state that both economic performance and environmental performance get improved at the same time. The technological innovation could make the regulated enterprise get " advantage of first move", thus strict environment regulation should consolidate regulated enterprises and industries' international competence.In the middle of 1990s, the traditional industry of our country, for instance: machinery , papermaking and food and so on showed the following phenomena: poor benefits, lagging behind in craft equipment, poor products, serious pollution, serious surplus of low-grade product, great importing of high-grade products ,some large enterprises are not large enough and the small enterprises are not dead . For this situation, the central government not only implemented the normal regulation means -the environmental standard, but also adopted some abnormal regulations which put the closing, stopping ,merging and shifting policy in practice to small enterprise with poor benefits, lag behind craft equipment ,poor products and serious pollution .The central government have been using these two means meanwhile from then on. Till now, it has more than ten years long, whether the relationship between environment regulation and industry upgrading (industry development ) accords with " Potter's hypothesis" or not, author attempts to answer it in theory and practice.This paper takes industry economics, environment economics and ecology economics as the theory weapons, and combines abstract with concrete , combines reference with development , combines theory with cases analysis. In theory section, author back with SCP paradigm to establish a conduction mechanism from government environment regulation to technological innovation, then to industry upgrading. In case study, author takes the main representative of serious pollution industry—paper-making industry as an example, to research the relationship between environment regulation and industry upgrading . The paper verifies that relation between them is obviously correlated and set up a regression equation. Thus paperget the conclusion that environment regulation is really a very important factor for industry upgrading.The innovations of this paper are as follows:First of all, in theory ,the paper set up a conduction mechanism from government environment regulation to technological innovation and then to industry upgrading. The technological innovation is a bridge which links environment regulation and industry upgrading. It has important value of theory. In the cases analysis, the paper takes the papermaking industry in Shandong as an example, chooses the appropriate evaluation indexes on environment regulation and industry upgrading. Then it uses the relevant data among 1994-2003 to study the relation between environment regulation and industry upgrading by means of mathematics and statistical methods. The result indicates that relationship between theirs is obvious correlated, and a regression equation is set up. Therefore it proves that environment regulation is really a very important factor for industry upgrading. It has important value of application.Secondly ,at the new height of sustainable development, author extend the concept of industry upgrading and put forward an estimating method of industry upgrading creatively , it has important value of theory and application . On basis of summarizing the concept of industry upgrading, in the height of sustainable development, the paper extend the concept of industry upgrading. No or a little waste material discharging in production process, no damage to the ecological environment , economizing raw materials and energy and complying with the environmental protection standard, and causing industry's recycling chains, are the important contents of concept of industry upgrading. Accordingly , The paper thinks that industry's upgrading includes not only the scale and performance , but also energy , environment and product value. A model of estimating industry upgrading is set up creatively, it provides a method to analyze industry upgrading quantitatively.Thirdly ,the paper explains deeply that developing recycle economy can make environmental regulation and industry upgrading reach a " we-win " state , it has actual and directive function. Environment regulation is a forcing police of government, and offer a macro-environment to developing recycle economy .The essence of recycle economy is the ecology economy and its base is green technological innovation . It can make maximum use of resource and energy , reduce resources to consume, dispel the pollution .increase quantity , quality and extra value of products ,promote overall economy benefit ,all of them are same as industry upgrading. Therefore only the model of developing recycle economy can reach the harmonization between environmental protection and industry upgrading. Moreover, a financial estimating method of developing recycle economy in the scope of a enterprise is set up creatively, itprovides a tool to discuss financial effects of developing recycle economy quantitatively.The paper is composed of six chapters, which are correlative to one another.Deficiency of the paper and striving direction in the future:Firstly, the industry upgrading used in this paper is concept with meso-economy , which is different from the concept of industry structure upgrading. The industry structure upgrading is much more complicated than industry upgrading, which is caused by industry upgrading. Limited to the author's research ability and data materials grasped , this paper studies the relation between environment regulation and a single industry upgrading. In the future, author would try to study the relation between environment regulation and industry structure upgrading.Secondly, when discussing the relation between environment regulation and industry upgrading by cases study , the paper only takes the data of Shandong papermaking industry as an example. This is not enough . In the future, author should choose the data in national papermaking industry to carry on the case study so as to reflect the relation between the environment regulation and papermaking industry upgrading in a more accurate way. |
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