Marx's Social Structure Theory And Its Implications For The Construction Of A Harmonious Society

Social structure theory is a very important theoretical construction which Marx unlocked the historical mystery and created social theory research, it is also the crystallization of Marxist theory in the social structure research field. When Marx anatomized the capitalist structure as a typical social form, he found the human society's basic structure and the change of the common law, and he regarded social reforms and development as a process of the change of social structure and the replacement of social form. He asked people to know and understand the human development tract according to the conflicts and integrations of the social structure construction, restructuring and deconstruction. This not only thoroughly declared idealism bankruptcy in the social history research field, but also provided a successful key for looking for the objective laws of social development.Marx's theory of social structure began with understanding free competition of the capitalist society, especially the period of civil society, but solid ideological and theoretical ready was its premise. Although Marx's theory of social structure benefitted from the ancient Greek thinkers'thoughts like Plato and Aristotle, however, bourgeois classical economics, Germany classical philosophy and utopian socialism, which had in-depth research in social contradictions and social structure of modern capitalist free competition period, provides the main direct ideological source for Marx's theory of social structure.The content of Marx's theory of social structure is very rich, and its involving area is very extensive. Generally speaking, we can at least analyse Marx's main ideas and views on social productions, social factors and social forms, etc. respectively from practice, space and time three dimensions. The analysis of practical dimension of the social structure is the logic starting point of Marx's social structure theory. The analysis of spacial dimension of social structure refers to the synchronic analysis of social structure elements in the same space of social structure. And the analysis of time dimension of social structure refers to diachronic analysis of social forms in time sequence.'Social production','social factors" and'social forms'are not isolated three properties disparate something of social structure, they are simply organic integtity of society because of different perspectives of social structure, which connect and complement each other.Marx's theory of social structure is formed under the guidance of scientific methodologies, and it also has its own analytical methods, which in a certain sense formed its theoretical characteristics and provided for further specific instructions for his theory. Of the general analytical methods of Marx's theory of social structure, there are two methods with prominent feature, one of which is from abstraction to specific and then to abstract, the other one is reverse analytical method from'the human body anatomy'to'the monkey body anatomy'. Under the guidance of these two scientific kinds of analytical methods, Marx's theory of social structure presents some basic characteristics, such as integrity and individuality, abstraction and concreteness, systematicness and hierarchy, stability and dynamics, objectivity and subjectivity.Since the birth of Marxism, Marx's theory of social structure as one of important part of it, has still been questioned and attacted by the bourgeois scholars. In order to counterattact various attacts and revisionism, the Marxists in many countries also positively research, defend and spread Marx's theory of social structure. Some Marxists not only made a new interpretation about Marx's theory of social structure, but also formed their own theories and viewpoints of social structure. They made an important contribution to advance the inheritance and innovation of Marx's theory of social structure.Marx's theory of social structure has great theoretical and practical implications for the construction of the contemporary Chinese socialist harmonious society. With the further development of the socialist market economy and the advancement of our reform and opening-up policy, China's current social structure has produced profound changes that had never taken place during thousands of years. Its'fundamental change is the gradual transformation from the integrity social structure to the differentiation social structure.The social structure transformed rapidly in the social differentiation, which led to the rapider social mobility, the wider social gap, the more violent social conflicts and the more difficult social integration. Viewing from hence, the Chinese Communist Party and the government put forward the strategic task of the construction of a harmonious society. This not only reflects the further understanding of the governing rules of our party, the rules of socialist construction and the human social development, it also can be regarded as a specific application and new results of Marx's theory of social structure in contemporary China.In order to construct the socialist harmonious society and maximize all social harmonious factors, Marx's theory of social structure should be adhered to the guidance consciously; the phased characteristics of Chinese social structure and its existing problems must be studied carefully. And Marx's theory of social structure should be applied in practice when to answer and solve them. We believe, with the scientific understanding and the practical application of Marx's theory of social structure, the integrity construction of the social structure, the overall layout of structure elements and the orderly operation of structural relationships, we will be able to promote the construction of a harmonious society and handle the various contradictions and conflicts as results of the structural imbalances for a long time.In the course of constructing the harmonious society, we will further plan and coordinate every different structural relationship, drive and interactive every structure factor symbiotic so as to keep the society much more fair, orderly and healthy.