Basic Issue Studies On Literary Anthropology In China

The divergence on literary anthropology is a historical phenomenon; also it is a phenomenon of society, culture and individual.So when treating the differences between the concepts, histories, theories, methods and values, we must consider them.The thinking patter of the dissertation is to dress the phenomenon,and discriminate the disagreement, then to explore the reason and identity, finally to bring up series of questions such as theory integration, construction of literary anthropology in theoretical interpretation.The article includes the introduction,text, and conclusion,in the main body, and it analyses some basic issues in the light of conception, history, theory, method, and value.Chapter one analyzes divergences of literary anthropology between the literary ontological theory in the 1980s of 20th century, the cross-discipline and subject classification.The paper points out that the divergences are influenced by the literary ontological theory in the 1980s of 20th century in the discussion on concepts, meanings, positions of subject ascription, also the developing way of literary anthropology is influenced by it in the future.The divergences on link between literature and anthropology, and the putting literary anthropology in the literature theory,anthropology and comparative literature, both of them lack of criticized thought on the concept between anthropology and literature.After analyzing various kinds'divergences, the essay proposes that the key is to confirm the conjunction between literature and anthropology when we understand the "literary anthropology"Chapter two analyzes four basic questions:the beginning and stages of history, assessments of science between 1950s-1970s, and the literary anthropology between mainland and Taiwan. The modern & contemporary discussion on history of literary anthropology is limited in the view of mythology, and myth-ritual school archetype-criticism which makes narrow acknowledge and influences the appraisal on academy during 1950s-1970s. The paper points out that we should consider the achievement in Taiwan into the history of literary anthropology, and so we can supplement each other on resource.Moreover, the essay indicates that the histories of literary anthropology can be divides into five stages which reveal the idea context of it:modernity and post-modernity. Chapter three discuss the theory integration and construction which base on the differences of literary writing between anthropology and literary anthropology.The paper points out that both of the two writing pay close attention studies "expression problems" on humanity. In addition, the essay accounts that study on mankind "expression problems" is the path to discussing of theories and theory development.A discussion among Scholars all over the world communicates the relationships between anthropology and poetics, literary theory and aesthetics which provide us the message on theory of literary anthropology. Since influenced by the "turn of language",every kind of theory treats the "expression problem" as key point despite there are some differences in purposes and views among them.Various kinds'theories study human "expression problem" which compose the "expression" system.Chapter four analyzes the meaning, historical origin, modern change of method of multi-ways evidence and its fault. The paper proposes that the differences betweens the method of quadruple way evidence and method of bi-way evidence, triple evidence is that former regards the oral culture as basic value which has changed the relationship and position of every kind agent although it remains field structure of the latter, and its field has turned from writing to un-writing.Among the method of quadruple ways evidence, there is critical meaning on cultural roots and civilization rethinking which indicates that what the quadruple evidence treats is to reveal the history blanked by writing, not to replenish the value of historical book. However, the paper also indicates that the method of quadruple way evidence exaggerate some medium and ignores the intermediary hegemony and symbolic violence.Chapter five talk about the value and significance of"literary cure" in the view of pre-modern,modern, post-modern, differences between field and text, oral culture and writing culture.Furthermore, the paper analyzes strategy and thinking on the view of multi-nationality history in the literary anthropology study. According to the shortage of those problems,the paper propose that we will integrate with the literary anthropology study and intermediary environment,critique of literary surrounding though which we can correct the "primitive" tendency and change the insignificance on the modern and contemporary literature study. In a word, the paper points out that during reconstructing the value of literary anthropology, we can re comprehend the literature if we treat the literary history, literary discourses and cultural text as the environmental and ecological discourses.The difference reflects the confusion on understanding of literary anthropology, and it also mirrors the multi-dimension and complexity on literary anthropology study. What the literary anthropology to target is integrating the literary experience of human,and the paper's basic viewpoint is to discover the divergence, diversity and creation in the light of identity. In the essay, there are two points in course of reconstructing on literary anthropology which need cared:at first, we should regard its study as historical view on oral culture and writing culture, ideological and psychological feature;Second,literary anthropology should have the view of multi-nationality, folklore,aesthetics, gender poetics, intermediary environmentalism, environmental criticism.To sum up, literary anthropology should have the meaning of unity and retain diversity on the view of study.