The Study On The Group Of The Chief Magistrate Of Guangzhou In Song Dynasty

Guangzhou was the political, economic and oversea trade center in the south of China in Song Dynasty. The country not only pacified the minorities to ensure the tranquilization in this border land but also broadened its commerce with other nations to ensure foreign source income. The election of the chief magistrate of Guangzhou reflected the intention of support and restriction of the country. All of Song Dynasty,160 people were the chief magistrate of Guangzhou practically. The group had universality of the chief magistrate of the country, meanwhile, it had particularity of Guangzhou. Such as steady-going, having both civil and military, magnanimous, uncorrupted, efficient so on and so force were the characteristics of the chief magistrate of Guangzhou. Most of them were natives of south China. They were elder.3/4 of the group passed the imperial examinations and qualified as a Jinshi.Their prefectures were about 1 year and a half or 2 years. Mostly the chief magistrates of Guangzhou were removed the other chief magistrate from other districts of the country such as Guangnanlu, Fujianlu, Jiangnanxilu, Jinghunanlu which were near to Guangzhou. In the north Song Dynasty, about 2/3 of the chief magistrates of Guangzhou had assumed Zhuanyunshi who charged the financial affairs of the district. It reflected that their capability of administration on economy was one of the most important qualifications of the chief magistrate of Guangzhou. About 40% of the chief magistrates of Guangzhou became dignitary as prime minister, Shangshu, Shilang so on and so force. We can compartmentalize the group of the chief magistrate of Guangzhou in Song Dynasty to be eight sorts. These sorts are employable, sagacious, magnanimous, probity, venal, ruthless, incapable and place seeker. The amount of the chief magistrate of Guangzhou encouraged was fewer than the amount of punished. The punishable causations were corruption and breach of duty. The chief magistrates of Guangzhou arrested criminals, built city, broadened Guangzhou's commerce with other nations, experienced and observed public feelings, reduced taxes, reconstructed the Confucian formal system, constructed school and reformed custom. Their contributions were propitious to the improvement of Guangzhou city and Lingnan.