A Twin Study On Development Of Psychological Behaviors And Personality Characteristics In The Early And Middle Stage Of Puberty In Jining

ObjectivesThis research studies the main factors which influnce the development of behvior and personality through investigating the psychological behavior development and personality characteristics of the twins in the early and middle stage of puberty and by analysizing the incidence and distribution of the psychological behavior problems of this special group in the particular stage, Based on the twin oval identification and the heritability analysis on twins in the aspects of morphological development, function development, hormone secretion level, indices of physiological, biochemical and physical development such as blood biochemical index, trace elements, etc., psychological behaviors and personality characteristics development, this research qualitatively studies the influence of inheritance on the mental health, personality development and physiological development of children and adolescents, and finds out the main factors influencing physical, psychological and behavior development of them during the period of time, trying to provide a clue to the further study of the mental disease causes, and to provide scientific basis for educators and parents in educating and raising the young generation. This research also aims to improve the physical and mental development of the adolescents in the early and middle stage of puberty and rectify misdeed. It can offer all-round theory basis for guiding the growth and development of children and adolescents, and help to work out effective interventions to deal with the diseases influencing the psychological behaviors of children and adolescents.MethodsThe study adopts random principle, with Youth Self Report (YSR) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-R short Scale(EPQ-RS), on the basis of creating the norm of behavior and personality development of adolescents in the early and middle stage of puberty in Jining city. By evaluating the behavior and personality developing condition of the twins in this stage and adopting the technique of microsatellite DNA gene scan and analysis, this research distinguishes monozygotic twins from dizygotic twins, and with heritability research of the influence of genetic and environment factors on the physiological, psychological, behaviors, biochemical and physical index of children and adolescents in the early and middle stage of puberty. The database is established under EPIDATA to carry out the data inputting, sorting, checking and the transformation, collection and calculation.The data analysis is conducted by software package, SPSS11.5 and SAS8.0, and employs the following methods: description analysis, t test, u test, variance analysis, x² test, logistic regression analysis and multiple linearity regression analysis, etc.Results1. The study has created the cutoff value norm of Youth Self Report (YSR) for the adolescents between 11 to 17 years old in Jining city, and with the help of the norm, it researched the behavior problem of adolescents. The over-all incidence rate is 15.77%; the rates for boys and girls are 17.50% and 13.60%; for urban and rural middle school students are 13.51% and 17.31% ; and the rate differences for sex and region bears no statistical significance.2. The over-all behavior problems incidence of twins in the early and middle stage of puberty is 7.25%, significantly lower than that of normal children (x²=12.80, p<0.01) ; it was found in the research that the introverted factors and the three symptoms which make it up appear to increase suddenly at the age of 14 and 16; extroverted factors and the two symptoms which make it up all appear to increase suddenly at the age of 12 and 14. The three symptoms for social intercourse, phronesis, and attention all appear to increase suddenly at the age of 16. The rates for different sexes and oval bears no statistical significance. By logistic stepwise regression analysis, it showed that mother's educational level (OR=0.973), mother's education method of feeling and understanding (OR=0.827) are the protective factors for reducing the incidence of behavior problem; high nervous temperament (OR=1.400), father's education method of refusing and denying (OR=1.611), instability of parents' marital status (OR=1.410), mother's education method of overprotecting and interfering (OR=5.382), unstable mood (OR=1.678), occurrence of family significant events(OR=1.240) are the risk factors causing behavior problems.3. Among the twins in the early and middle stage of puberty, the majority of the twins appear to be introverted and introspective. In the dimension of mood stability, it is showed that this group of people are stable, moderate and ease. In the dimension of psychoticism, no high psychoticism appeared in the boy twins, and there are only 2 psychoticism in the group of 12 years old of the girl twins(accounted for 1.67%), showing the incidence of psychological problem and abnormal behavior are low. In the dimension of lying level, high lying level in boys are 12.68% and in girls are 6.67%.The proportion taked by boys under 13 years old is higher than by girls, and in the 14 years old group, girls' are higher than boys', but the difference of over-all high lying level between different sexes have no statistical sense. In the meanwhile this study analyzed through multiple factors, indicating that sex, age, family environment, education method of parents, etc., are the main influencing factors for personality development.4. The research denotes that the blood Pb content of children has positive correlation with aggressive behaviors and extroversive behaviors, and the points of violation behaviors, aggressive behaviors and extroversive behaviors for lead poisoning children are notably higher than that for low blood Pb group. Serum Fe and Serum Zn didn't show any correlation with the personality and behavior development. T₄ showed positive correlation with anxiety, and negative correlation with P dimension; estriol has positive correlation with E dimension, and negative correlation with P dimension; male hormone appears positive correlation with E dimension; and GH has negative correlation with violation.5. Through the calculation of heritability, the study gained the heritage of the following 10 syndromes, anastole, chief complaint, anxiety, social intercourse, phronesis, attention, violation, aggression, introversion and extroversion, are respectively 0.085,0.159,0.054,0.043,0.126,0.002,0.086,0.076,0.001 and 0.081; the heritability of E, N, P, L four dimensions of personality are respectively 0.033,0.029,0.053 and 0.002; the heritability of (body height, sitting vertex height, weight, shoulder breadth, chest measurement and waistline are respectively 0.844. 0.772. 0.793. 0.609. 0.624 and 0.552.It denotes that the behavior and personality development are mainly influenced by environment factors, while physical development are mainly influenced by genetic factors.ConclusionsChildren and adolescents in puberty are just on the key stage of growth and development, and also in the important period of behavior and personality development. The study indicates that the incidence of psychological behavior problem of twins is lower than normal children. The social environment, family environment and education method of parents are the main influencing factors for behavior and personality development of adolescent twins. By heritage analysis it showed that in the early and middle stage of puberty, although the behaviors and personality development of children are under the double influence of inheritance and environment, environment factors play a more important role than genetic factors. It suggested schools, families and social relative departments for the adolescents with different sex, different age, different personality characteristics and specific cultural background, strengthen mental health education, intensify health education and improve the health status of adolescents, making them broaden views, recognize themselves correctly, straighten concepts and develop good personality quality, guiding and promoting them to communicate with colleagues in order to reduce the incidence of psychological behavior problems.InnovationsThrough the study, we can get the knowledge of the influence of genetic and environment factors on the physical and psychological development of adolescents between 11 and 17 years old. After showing the main influencing factors for physical, psychological and behavior development of adolescents in this period, this research will serve as an active guidance for educators and parents in educating the young generation. The subject has the following three innovations:1. This paper chooses twins as the population for investigation. on the basis of oval identification. It innovatively develop the research on heritability of the behavior and personality development, and analyze the behaviors heritability with adolescents self-rating scale, which hasn't been reported as yet.2. It researches the influence of trace elements and hormone secretion level on the psychological behavior development of twins in the early and middle stage of puberty for the first time;3. Through the processing of this subject, the norm of behavior and personality development of middle school students in jining city is created for the first time;...