Ming And Qing Dynasties Han River Middle And Lower Reaches Of The Water And Society

This dissertation reviews the history of the organization and administration of middle-lower reaches of Han River during Ming-Ch'ing period.Due to different conception to the the geographical environment change between the state government's and the local's,the managerial system of the dykes at the Middle-lower Reaches of Han River exprence a change,and there was an evident space discrepancy on both of the personnel assignment administration and the means of accumulating funds in the profession of building and protecting to the main dykes at the middle-lower reaches of Han-River.Both Ming and Ch'ing government attached much more importance to the dykes which would affect the overall situation,such as Xiangyang Old-dragon Dyke,Shayang Dyke,the main dykes lie in Zhongxiang county and Jingshan county,while comparably ignored the dykes that playing second hand fiddle in eyes of government,both in organization and capital arrangement.The authority mostly perform the responsibility of supervision.The assistant magistrate in charge of water works played the main role at the last stage of Ming dynasty till the earlier stage of Ch'ing.While from middle stage of Ch'ing dynasty on,prefect and the local magistrate took the place of assistant magistrate in charge of water works,becoming the primary organizers in concrete affairs,on the other hand,the local organization was the primary organizers in concrete affairs.By comparing the water conservancy documents--《襄堤成案》,《大泽口成案》,《襄河水利案牍汇抄》with records in the relevant historical documents,this essay examines the series of disputes over the小泽口and大泽口occurred between the counties at the lower reaches of Han river.The essay examins the behavioral character of the province governors,prefect,district magistrate, department magistrate,the local elite and grass-roots popular,and the relations between them.On the base of it,the essay explores the character of the regional group behavior and illustrating the relation between the water environmental change and the regional group behavior.