The Development Of The Study Of Confucian Classics Of The Ming Dynasty

The study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty is considered weak in the whole history of the study of Confucian classics in China. The stage is also ignored by many scholars. Though the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty is not only a must part in the history of the whole study of Confucian classics, but also an important stage from theoretical to original, the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty is much weak compared with the other period, such as Han, Song, and Qing Dynasty. So it is necessary for us to study Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty and give it an objective evaluation. There are many documents about Ming and Qing Dynasty, and they are the first reference to the paper. Standing on these original documents and through the ways of inspecting all the phenomena of the study of Confucian classics in this period, the paper devotes to break out the shortage of the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty.In the course of the study, the paper use the ways of inspecting all the phenomena of the study of Confucian classics in this period to analyze the characteristics of the development of the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty. Combined historical documents with reference at present, the paper tries to make good the viewpoint of the ancient scholars or correct the prejudice.There are six chapters in this article.The first chapter is to inspect the study of Confucian classics of the early Ming Dynasty. It includes the study of Confucian classics of Hong-Wu age and of Yong-Le age, and also summarize of their characteristics. Zhu Xi's theory is the major component of the learning in the early Ming Dynasty and scholars in Hong-Wu age, such as Song Lian, followed the theory of Zhu Xi. The three Da-Quan books compiled in Yong-Le age tried to be perfect in annotation, and its form is the continuation of the study of Confucian classics of the Tang and Song Dynasty. Since the emperors of early Ming Dynasty attached importance to Zhu Xi's theory, the theory began to be the outstanding component of the learning. Then the study of Confucian classics theory changed and people at that time read a small amount of Confucian classics, so that it became the main reason of the decline of the study of Confucian classics in the early Ming Dynasty.The second and third chapter involves two special subjects about the study of Confucian classics in the middle period of the Ming Dynasty. The paper studies Confucian classics of Jiang-Men and Wang Yangming in the subject about Xin-Xue school of thought. It analyzes Wang Yangming's theory and explains the course of its change to be the most important theory in Ming Dynasty. Wang Yangming's point about Confucian is that Confucian theory is Xin-Xue. He firmly believed that Confucius abridged Liu-Jing in order to change them to be simple and easy. The paper tries best to solve the problem of the defect in the study of Wang Yangming's theory.The third chapter studies the refutation against Song-Xue, confirms the Han-Xue tendentiousness in Confucian classics at that time, the rise of original general mood and appearance of Yang Shen. In this chapter, the paper confirms that Han-Xue began to come back to consciousness from middle period of Ming Dynasty, and that the refutation against Song-Xue is the precondition of Han-Xue's consciousness in Qing Dynasty. It corrects the prejudice of the ancient scholars that precondition is the theory of Huang Zongxi and Gu Yanwu between the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty.The forth chapter studies the rise of Han-Xue in the late Ming Dynasty, it involves general mood in this period, the study of Confucian classics of Jiao Hong, Hu Yinglin and Qian Qianyi and their characteristics. Jiao Hong put out the point of view that there was no Xie-Yin in ancient poems. The point impelled Chen Di to write the famous book. The paper also analyzes the study of Confucian classics of Hu Yinglin and Qian Qianyi to make good the defect in the study of their theories.The fifth chapter inspects the development of study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty on studying the individual Confucian classics. The study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty is deeply affected by political cases and people at that time read only a small amount of Confucian classics, so there was a difference. The paper inspects the academic tendency, the characteristics of the study of the Confucian classics in this period.The sixth chapter discusses the characteristics and effects of the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty, it involves Zhu Xi's theory which owned most important standing, the rise of Han-Xue and analysis the inspection about pronunciation of ancient poems. It confirms historical status and contributions of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty. The theory of pronunciation of ancient poems handed down from Yang Shen, Jiao Hong to Chen Di, made the foundation of the full flourish in Qing Dynasty. The paper corrects the prejudice of the ancient scholars that the studies of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty were all stealing.The paper devotes to break out the shortage and tries to probe into the developing orbit and historical status of the study of Confucian classics in this period, so it tries to get some breakouts and creations as follows:1,Comprehensively inspecting the academic tendency, Han-Xue began to come back to consciousness from middle period of Ming Dynasty, the refutation against Song-Xue is the precondition of Han-Xue's consciousness in Qing Dynasty. It corrects the prejudice of the ancient scholars that precondition is the theory of Huang Zongxi and Gu Yanwu between the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty.2,Comprehensively probing into the influence of the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty to that of Qing Dynasty and clearly showing the relationship of inheriting and developing. And it tries to make an objective evaluation to the contribution of the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty. The paper corrects the prejudice of the ancient scholars that the studies of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty were all stealing.3,Doing comprehensive inspecting to the theory of pronunciation of ancient poems handed down from Yang Shen, Jiao Hong to Chen Di, made the foundation of the full flourish in Qing Dynasty. The paper corrects the prejudice of the ancient scholars that the theory of pronunciation of ancient poems based on the theory of Gu Yanwu. 4,Paying attention to the study of Confucian classics of Wang Yangming, and this remedies the shortage of no discussion or only arranging his thoughts of theoretical5,Comprehensively inspecting the academic tendency, the characteristics of the study of the Confucian classics, the contributions to the study of Confucian classics of the significant experts in this field in this period .And extracting the rules of the study of Confucian classics of this period based on studying the individual cases.6,Doing some description of development of the study of Confucian classics of the Ming Dynasty in a more detailed way with the history records and existing works, and remedying the shortage of the general description with the view that follows the former scholars.