Nomadic Civilization: Tradition And Transition

Nomadic ethics has been conflicting and blending, conversation and communication with agricultural people and pushing forward the development of humankind. Nomadic culture in northern region of China, agricultural culture in Yellow River basin and rice culture in Yangtze River basin are main resources of Chinese civilization. Nomadic culture of northern nationalities is not only very clearly and abundant concept, but also concluded the brilliant civilization of nomadic nationalities scientifically. It is more exact and scientific than ever conception, such as northern nationalities, border region, south Siberia, Mongolian highland, middle Asia, central Asia and minority region etc. The conception is either recognizing the contribution of northern nationalities in Chinese and world civilization or respecting and understanding the diversity of culture. Concept of nomadic culture is reasonable, it shows the people in nomads, production methods and cultural characteristics. In the same time steppe civilization is very difficult to defined and explained, so grassland can not creating civilization, it is just a natural condition. According to the idea, we can not to say forest civilization, valley civilization and lake civilization. Statement civilization in this way can not show the critical elements, like subject, creative, initiative and humanity. Ernst Cassirer said that human is subject of civilization, civilization is vector of human, there were different civilization in different people. Nomadic civilization is values, behavior standards, thinking methods and cultural models.There is long time history, special cultural traditions, civil intelligent, abundant local knowledge, developed national technique and excellent tradition and customs in protecting environment.Rotation grazing (grazing in different ranch according to spring, summer, autumn, winter) tradition of nomads is included nomadic, rotation, break and prohibit grazing in same region. When herdsmen are grazing in spring ranch, the summer ranch is waiting for grazing, the autumn ranch is broken and winter ranch is forbidden.Nomadic culture is neither stagnation nor cycling culture. It is neither single nor fragile civilization.This thesis used diaries of explorers, travelers, historians, so history material is very available. On the other side, the author collected the works of archaeologist and anthropologist about Mongolian highland. According to achievements of own researching project about nomads in urbanization, field and home surveys in (s|ˇ)ilinγol and hulunbyir league, discussed the development structure, type, characteristic and unique laws and forms of nomadic culture.The article is consisted of preface and text. In preface, the author introduced the purpose, significance, overview in researching, mainly idea, researching methods and historical material. In the text, the author discussed the origin, development, historical characteristics, historical traditions, transition, status and outlook of nomadic culture.