Arabian Koran And Oriental Land: The Hui Nationality's History And Islamic Culture Of Fukien And Taiwan

This dissertation, with Fukien and Taiwan as the research scope and the historical literature, genealogies and fieldwork as the research basis, through a combined approach of history, anthropology, sociology, makes an all-round exploration and analysis of the Hui Nationality's history of more than 1300 years and the Islamic culture in Fukien and Taiwan.Based on the dissemination history of Islamism and the location and humanity of Quanzhou, this dissertation concludes that Islamism should stream into Fukien in the early 10^th century, and the Muslim Holy Tombs in Quanzhou also should be constructed in this period. In the Sung period, more and more Muslims came and settled together in Fukien. They loved Chinese culture and got married with local people. These show these Muslim migrants gradually merged into local society. During the Yuan Dynasty, the Fukien Muslim groups and communities, from the perspective of political, ethnic, cultural and mental identity, had fulfilled the requirements of ethnic-group formation and finished the indigenization process, and the Hui Nationality with a harmonious blend of multi-culture came into being. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Muslim people weren't actually subjected to severe suppression and attack. It is the change of dynasty and environment that impelled the Muslim clans to move to other places, which triggered a fierce competition with other ethnic groups. This kind of collision and conflict urged the Muslim people to integrate into the local society further. In the Late Ming and Early Qing period, the migration tide rose, descendants of Fukien Muslim people crossed sea in succession and emigrated to Southeast Asia and Taiwan.The Islamism spread into Taiwan along with the arrival of the mainland's Muslim immigrants. From 1949 until now, the Taiwanese Islamism experienced three phases: adjusting and establishing, alternating and succeeding, coordinating and developing. In the 21^st century, the Mainland and Taiwan's Islamism groups once again get in touch and keep contact formally, which is of important meaning to the peaceful cross-straits reunification. With the tension between Taiwan and mainland easing, more and more Muslim immigrant descendants in Taiwan returned to Fukien to search for their ancestral root, participated in local religious activities and supported with enthusiasm their hometown construction. These show that the change of residence and political environment does not change their ethnic and cultural identity.The Worship to Holy Bird in the Fukien Islamic culture fully embodies Persian culture's innate belief and tradition. The rediscovery of the myth of Holy Bird helps us to probe into the original nature of the Fukien Muslim. Over a thousand years when the Chinese traditional culture and the Fukien native culture seeped into the core of Muslim groups, the Islamic culture with strong Persian color also had an profound influence on the society of Fukien and Taiwan. The characteristics of Islamic culture, such as spice culture, marine culture, indomitable national spirit, and wise and resolute business consciousness, enrich and directly help to mould the culture of Fukien and Taiwan, whose social traditions and customs of clothing, catering, music, and so on thus reserve strong Islamic color. With the profound foreign cultures, the culture of Fukien and Taiwan thus becomes so unique, colorful and diversified.This dissertation proposes the viewpoints that it is in the early 10th century that the Islamism spread into Fukien and it is in the Yuan Dynasty that Fukien Hui Nationality came into being, reveals the real situation of Muslim society in the early Ming Dynasty, which is always misunderstood by other scholars, investigates the historical course of interaction and combination of Fukien and Taiwan's Hui Nationality, analyzes the elements of Persian culture in the Fukien Islamic culture, and rediscovers the neglected Islamic Culture's remains in Fukien, hoping to supplement and improve the study of the southeastern ethnic groups and the study of the nation-wide Hui Nationality.