A Study On Beijing Nongmingong's Language Situation

Through a language survey to nearly 1,000 Beijing Nongmingong, this dissertation conducts a research on Beijing Nongmingong's language situation. The theoretical basis of this dissertation is the core theory"variation theory"and the common theory"speech community". This dissertation uses social linguistics research methods to conduct the research on three aspects of Beijing Nongmingong's language situation: language behaviour, language competence and language attitude. And this dissertation uses SPSS13.0 to verify the diversity and correlation between the language situation, age, gender, education background, occupation, income, the working time, the living methods, the communicating group, the flowing intends, the beginning time when Beijing Nongmingong study Mandarin, the Mandarin competence which Beijing Nongmingong want to reach.First, this dissertation discusses the objective language situation of Beijing Nongmingong. This part shows Beijing Nongmingong's language behaviour and Mandarin Level when they live in hometown and when they work in Beijing. This part analyzes the concurrent diversity of Nongmingong's language behaviour and Mandarin Level in some normal social variables, time variables, surrounding variables, psychological variables and also analyzes some variables which affect Beijing Nongmingong's language behaviour and Mandarin Level.Second, this dissertation shows Beijing Nongmingong's language attitude. This dissertation studies Beijing Nongmingong's Mandarin attitude from five points, including their evaluation of Mandarin, psychological receptive degree of using Mandarin, degree of difficulty in learning Mandarin, expectative degree for their Mandarin competence, and expectative degree for their children's leaning of Mandarin. This part also studies Beijing Nongmingong's dialect attitude from two points: their evaluation of dialect and expectative degree of preserving their children's dialect. In addition, this part shows the diversity between Beijing Nongmingong's language attitudes toward Mandarin and their hometown dialects and analyzes the factors which affect Beijing Nongmingong's language attitude.The last part is the conclusion based on previous researches. This part sums up the previous researches and gives a holistic analysis of the Beijing Nongmingong's language situation. And based on the researches of Beijing Nongmingong's language behaviour, language competence and language attitude, this part puts forwards the concept"macro linguistic variable"and points out the importance of studying"macro linguistic variable"in the new social background. Furthermore, this part proves that Beijing Nongmingong form a new"speech community"caused by macro linguistic project. Nongmingong speech community is a spirit speech community linked from the spiritual dimension and is different from the regional speech community. Moreover, this part discusses the significance of Beijing Nongmingong speech community's existence and the characters of Beijing Nongmingong speech community. At last, this part provides some suggestions to solve some practical problems, pointing out the importance of improving Beijing Nongmingong's language competence and the methods to improve it; and also pointing out that"spreading Mandarin"and"keeping dialect"carried out simultaneously is one of the great tasks for spreading Mandarin at present.