| The tradition of letter arts exits for a long time in China,while it encountered unprecedented living crisis when it developed until"May Fouth"period,the traditional letter came to be an expect rooted in scholars'glorious remember.Under the continuous power of the development of the letter literature ,go through the standing and hardworking of scholars,the past letter has essential changes and meaningful transforming ,to be the pure"letter literature",either conserve its life of art,or add the fresh literature style of new arts, that's the prose letter and the letter of novel,the enthusiasm of writing and publishing has continue the subject of the arts of passed letter,but the novel of letter has completely separate from the practice of letter ,it satisfies the epoch readers for its strong arts qualities,then to be the real arts masterpiece.The type of writting is not only the form of creation,but also the speaking form from the subject's appreciation psychology and the integrate of spirit ,the novel of letter is just this kind of speaking style.It became the subject of arts for"call for personality"."make public of oneself"in"May Fouth"period ,the open-minded and the spirit of enterprising of literaturists made the arts field to be flourious ,a variety of schools to be the stage ,all kinds of the literature style to be exist,the novel of letter to be a new type of arts at the same time, it fitted the awaken"May Fouth"literature's attention themselves and the nature of people for their expression of the sentimental creation.The form of the novel of letter has the element inherited of the Chinese traditional literature letter,while the enter of translation of western type of letter,especially the novel《The Bother of Young Welter》written by Golter,like the night spring blow give a promotion straightly ,"The Hot of Welter"had an influence on the"Hot of letter form"during the late twenty century and early thirty times of twenty century .Moreover ,in nintin twenty the florish of literature market and edition promote the creation of the type of letter and edition, it is the other important element, and the interaction of the love letter and the novel of letter reflect the significant role in the market focusly .The novel of letter has the same start with"May Fouth"literature, it made a creation and edition tide, it reached the highest point during 1928 to 1930,editing thirty-two sections ,but quickly being decline, the start of 1934 comes to the period of being on the wane .During the twenty years the type of the novel of letter went through lush to decline process , it came very quickly , the profuse is not appeared in other types , lefting us a great deal of paper messages.It is very abundant of the novel of letter in florious period , the role always conclude literate and the school students,writting their feeling of love ,either the first love's exciting and honey ,more is the conflict trouble of the feudal marriage left ,so"striving"and"sacrifice"often be the key word of this kind of masterpiece .For example ,《Seperation》by FengYuanjun .《Love letter of Petter》by Peng Jiahuang and so on .The trouble of the scholar is another important subject of the expression of the novel, The word"poverty"include material condition with poor and the shortage of spirit, the key word"illness of lung"and"suicide",《the communication of talant》by Shen Congwen and《Lonely wild goose》is the delegation of this kind masterpiece.The message of innovation type give some colour to the novel of letter ,and brings deep thinking of the inner heart of innovation camp of the social reality ,but hardly change the model of"innovation and love",there's《Zheng Hong》by Zuo Ganchen with brevity and dirge ,and《Incomplete Flower》by Liu Dajie with discontent and sentimental. The other titles contain much more ,the legend of vagrant's rome, the miserability of a persecute of a woman, the human realizing of a nun and so on ,from the authority to the worker in humble ,from the giant in the ivories tower to the girl with vulgar action,almost refer to every conner of the whole society.Although there's so much abundant achievement ,the novel of letter haven't developed to its utmost,just because the different demanding for the times, and the limit of the arts itself ,so that enter the period of decline, the average of edition is only 2.5section every year after 1934. For the complete and objection to discuss ,the flourity and exhaustion, we should observe carefully of its inner type of arts and the characteristic of poem.The novel of letter makes a combination of the reality ,expression and the imagination of novel's characteristic and bing its own unique characteristic of arts.The first embody its fiction,its not only the fiction of the fetch and out of the letter and the clue of the story ,but also the fiction to enforce the sense of participation and the personality of the letter's readers; the second is expression, it is come from the function of the letter's participation and communication,it's also the feature made the letter a huge wave at that emotional arts times,combination is the letter of arts to express for adding the messages,so that it adopts the self-satifaction.The angle of the novel of letter is the inner description in the first person,single angle ,double angles and various angles, the single angle is the most,place the ninty percent,this made the modern novel of letter disclose the vivid feature of China.Campare to the western novel of the description angle.Its subjective colour is more strong,fit for the sentimental of"May Fouth"arts; but the field of description is comparative limited,the scale is so simple,the latter became one of the reason for the novel of letter come to decline, the time of novel of letter mostly is the form of tracing description ,so it will be distorted for episode time and story time ,jumping and so many phenomenon,making the description time's power be a special affect,either enforce the expression or deep the title of the paper ,the structure of the novel of the letter is so unique,it attach to other style of arts for its double lines description,and all these is own to the psychology of people's description and sentiment.The novel of letter has a deep brand ,it appeared by the necessary.With the maturity of modern novel,the readers have the strong participation on one's own ,they like the work than can sent out the subject of the readers,but not receive the message by the tellers passively.It is not welcome for the combination of the author and the teller, it is not so moved as before of the straight expression,the superiority of the novel of letter to be a inferior strength.Although there's some remedy to by tried for its own limitation,just like Shi Tuo《Marriage》add the objective description of the third person and to be a plural type,this will affect the purity of the paper,the backfore of the novel of letter is unavoid.To trace back the far background of"May Fouth"arts of letter,we receive a note of the history of arts surprisingly.Nowadays the discussion of the study field of arts without stopping, the most important reason is all kinds of arts history is not to our satisfaction.The rewriting so called is included two respects,for one thing is the scientific objective evaluation of the author's section for the being.For another is the finding and arrangement of the message of the new arts.The fomel is different for different times and society for the person,the latter is the pure quality of history ,it's meaning for a comleted scientific arts.What I should do is to the latter,it's negligent before,the observation and study of the novel of letter for the being ,I hope it'll be useful for the new history of arts.Tracing back the glority of the passing day of letter arts,We add a litter of wishes .As the electric times of message,for the far away from today."The letter by hand","The words by hand"is left for the beautiful remember ,the letter of arts is out of our life gradually.Rereading the novel books written by passing days.We get a distinguished wish for the modern arts when we are moved at what we see.
|
PDF Full Text Request