Korean And Chinese Resulting In Areas Of Contrast

In this article, mainly using the theory of typology and the theory of contrastive linguistics, we compared the causative structures in Korean and Chinese, we identified the differences and similarities of the respective causative structures, we analyzed their internal generating mechanism and, using the perspective offered by the Korean language, we were able to categorize the features of the Chinese language.There are four points of innovation:1) We systematically compared the features of the causative structures in Korean and Chinese, an approach that has never been used before.2) Using the theory of typology, we unveiled the internal generating mechanism of the causatives structures in Korean and Chinese.3) For the first time, by comparison of recessive and dominant features, we analyzed the features of the causatives in Chinese.4) Almost all language samples used were found in original texts, this providing our research with authenticity.The significance of this study from the research point of view consists of the following:1) By comparing Korean and Chinese and identifying the syntax and the semantics' features of their respective causative structures, we improved our understanding of the causatives structures in both languages.2) By unveiling the internal generating mechanism of the causatives in Korean and Chinese, we were able to understand more clearly the essential features of the causatives from the scope of both semantics and grammar.3) This study can be used as point of reference in language teaching.This study totally consists of seven chapters.Chapter 1: IntroductionThis chapter determines the object and the significance of the study; it presents other studies on the same subject matter; it introduces the research methodology and the source of language samples and it points out the innovative ways of approach.Chapter 2: Basic features of the causatives in Korean and Chinese.The study divides the causatives structures of Korean into three types: analytical, morphological and lexical. The analytical type also includes thecausative structures such as "-ke hata", "-sikhita" etc. The causative structures in Chinese can be divided into two types: analytical and lexical. The analytical type includes the causative structures such as pivotal sentences, sentences with "shi" character, sentences with "ba" character, sentences with "de" character, inversion sentences etc. The lexical type includes the causative structures of causative verbs and complements of result. This chapter gives a brief introduction of the grammatical and semantic features of these causative structures.Chapter 3: Causative structures in Korean corresponding with the respective ones in Chinese.This chapter compares the corresponding format in Chinese with two analytical causative structures and one morphological causative structure in Korean, and further reviews the grammar and semantics of these structure formats. The corresponding format in Chinese for the causative model in Korean includes pivotal sentences, sentences with "shi" character, sentences with "ba" character, sentences with "de" character, inversion sentences, complements of result, causative verbs and sentences with "gei" character.Chapter 4: Comparison of semantic relationship of the causative structures in Korean and Chinese.We analyzed the distribution of "cause & result", "order" and "permission" in the causative structures in Korean and Chinese and we identified the direct and indirect causatives in these two languages.Chapter 5: Typological analysis of the generating mechanism of the causative structure in Korean and Chinese.The article first analyzes the types of causative structures in the Altai family languages and the Sino-Tibetan family languages, providing the reference point for the analysis of the generating mechanism of causative structures in Korean and Chinese. Then, it analyzes the development of the causative structure types in Korean and Chinese, and unveils the internal generating mechanism of the causative structure in these two languages.Chapter 6: Re-examination of the causative structure features in Chinese from the Korean perspective.Based on the analysis made in the five previous chapters, this chapter looks back into the causative structure features in Chinese from the perspective of the Korean language. The study examines the causative structure features from three aspects: 1) recessive features of the causative structure in Chinese; 2) the precision of the semantic expression of the causative structure in Chinese; 3) the viability of the lexical causative structure throughout the years.Chapter 7: Conclusion.This chapter summarized the main points of the research, and provides some topics for further study in the future. Reference listed in the end.The most important methods used in this study are the following:1) By the comparison of recessive and dominant, we discovered the language phenomena that are "hidden under the surface". The causative structure in Korean is dominant, whilst the causative structure in Chinese is recessive. We reviewed Chinese from the Korean perspective and analyzed the causative structure features in the Chinese language.2) Through the combination of description and explanation, and by identifying the syntax and the semantics' features of the causative structures in Korean and Chinese, we improved our understanding of the causatives in these two languages.3) We used system reference methodology in order to review the causative structure in the corresponding sentences, and we combined synchronic study with diachronic study, and grammar with semantics. Also, we discovered the essence of the causative structure from several points of view through comparison of many languages.4) According to the theory of typology, we focused on identifying the internal mechanism and the external features of the two languages.