| China has been more and more involved in passively or actively since modern times, which forces the people to be concerned about international politics. From his youth to his later life, Hu Shi was concerned about and studied world politics, wrote lots of relative theses and reading notes, and formed his international politics rich in content and with distinct characteristics.Hu Shi's thought of international politics was fundamentally formed when he studied in the US. Pacifism was the international political thought first recognized by Hu Shi. He attacked narrow nationalism and Social Darwinism in international relations, and put forward the theory of Consistency, that is the ethical principle of treating others as treating yourself and mutual respect in international relations. As for the issue of war, Hu Shi insisted his viewpoint of Ethical Resistance representing the weak and small countries seeking a fair and reasonable world order. Japanese invasion to China in 1915 shook his belief in pacifism and changed to believe in Woodrow Wilson's Idealism. From then on, Hu Shi viewed and judged international politics wit idealism as a guide.In 1920s, Wilson's Idealism was widely spread in China the intellectuals' judgment of Idealism and the League of Nations changed from strong desire to indignation as the Great Powers sold the sovereignty of Shandong, China in Paris Peace Conference, which represented the trend of strong pragmatism of the intellectuals to the Western theories. China completely disbelieved the League of Nations when The Report of the Commission of Enquire into the Sino-Japanese Dispute was published and the League of Nations was unable to impose sanctions on Japan's invasion of China. On the one hand, Hu Shi insisted emphasizing the significance of International Union's condemnation of the Japanese morality to China, on the other hand , he actively explored to reform the scheme of the International Union and put forward a conception to reconstruct world order. His main thought was partly embodied in the United Nations Charter later, which was a contribution of Hu Shi to the theory of international politics.Idealism advocates national diplomacy and the people should know and participate in diplomacy of the nation. In the 1920s and 1930s, Hu Shi actively participated the diplomacy of the Republic of China by his "power network" in the way of discussing politics: criticizing the diplomatic policy of the times of the Republic of China and putting forward constructive views domestically; in international community, he appealed for world peace and joined in The Institute of Pacific Relations for many times. So he fully deserved the title of a representative of diplomats of the people.Policies of Japan and Russia were not only related to the security of China but also affected the peace and security of the Far East from the aspect of political-geographic arrangement. Hu Shi also focused his attention of international politics on their policies toward China. He thought highly of... |
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