A Study Of The Electoral System During The New-Democratic Revolution Period

Electoral system is the cornerstone of democratic politics. In the 16^th Congress of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) it has been clearly put forward that to develop socialist democratic politics and to build up socialist political civilization are key objectives to comprehensively construct a comparatively well-off society. In particular it has been emphasized on strengthening democratic system and guaranteeing people's democratic election by laws and regulations. China's current people's representative electoral system derives from new-democratic revolution period. Therefore, to study the electoral system in the period of new-democratic revolution has important academic meaning and realistic value.This dissertation, with the basic theories of Marxist political science as guidance and CCP's electoral system in new-democratic revolution period as a study object, investigates the creation, development, and evolution process of electoral system in new-democratic revolution period from historical viewpoint, and analyzes and elaborates the interactive relationship between electoral system and political ecological environment, political party's leadership, political power, and people's political participation from the perspectives of political ecology and institutional change. The purpose is to summarize the historical experience, to succeed this precious political legacy, and to serve for the reforming and perfecting of the current electoral system and the building of socialist political civilization and harmonious society.Chapter One, the introduction part is the beginning piece. It explains the academic background of the thesis research, and pinpoints the importance of the selected subject of this dissertation, and then explains the related main concepts used in the dissertation, and then comes to outline the main methodologies, subject, scope, and breakthroughs. It ends with the framework of this dissertation, which lays down a foundation for subsequent chapters.Chapter Two analyzes the electoral system at the Soviet regime period. It could be claimed that establishment of electoral system in the Republic of China's Soviet for CCP was an unprecedented significant event in history. This chapter focuses on the historical background of politics, ideology, and culture for CCP to establish people's democratic electoral system. It is the need of revolutionary regime, directed by the electoral theories of Marxism, and inspired by Soviet model, and it is the inheritance and development of modern electoral thought and electoral system. It illustrated the electoral procedures and principles; features, political impact, and limitation of the electoral system in Soviet regime period.Chapter Three comes to study the electoral system in period of anti-Japan democratic regime. First, it analyzes the influence of national conflict on the construction of the regime at that time when the national conflict became the principle contradiction after Anti-Japanese War broke out. The democratic election campaign in the anti-Japanese base area is the succession and development of the electoral system of Soviet workers and peasant democratic regime. During this period, a series of reforms emerged due to the change of regime construction: the national united frontline between Communist Party and Kuomintang was formed to resist Japanese invasion; Workers and peasants regime was changed into anti-Japan democratic regime; the parliamentary system at various levels was established in each anti-Japanese base area according to the requirements of national government to set up the democratic regime; the democratic electoral system of the anti-Japanese base area was first established in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area and then extended to other enemy's rear areas. Secondly, analyze the first democratic election campaign in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area and " the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area electoral regulations", and take the second democratic election campaign of the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area during February -September 1941, and the first and the second session of the second joining parliament of the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area in 1941 and 1944 as examples to analyze the election and election campaigns of " three thirds " regime. Thirdly, it elaborates the main characteristics of the electoral system in the anti-Japan democratic regime period, with its uniqueness reflected by electoral principles such as general, direct, equal, secret ballot, etc. "Three thirds"" shown electoral choices with united democracy; electoral campaign reflected vigorous electoral competition; and nomination of candidates and appraisal of government work report were emphasized. Finally, it analyzes the political impact of the electoral system in this period. The electoral system in this period gained the greatest development in the entire new-democratic revolution period, which is the key chapter of this dissertation.Chapter Four turns to study the electoral system of people's regime period in liberated area. With a particular emphasis on the analysis of the political ecology and historical evolution of the electoral system during this period, it highlights the electoral practices such as the third democratic election campaign in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area, and analyzes several typical constitutional electoral files and regulations such as" Constitutional Principles in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area". This period's electoral system was characterized as transitional feature of inheriting from the past in its origin and set a new course for the future from the perspective of the political ecological environment. By taking the Third Democratic Election Campaign, the Third Parliament, as well as "Constitutional Principle in the Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Bordering Area" as a target of analysis...