| This subject on Yu-chuan Pu belongs to Chinese modern political history field. Based on the historical view of mixing history net system, this text tries to describe the real history and make the conclusion conform to the real attitude of history from different views, such as society, system history, modernization and policy according to the background of 1906-1912 during which the Yu-chuan Pu existed.Chapter 1:The confused management of Late Qing Dynasty's communication resulted in the natural demand of this objective situation, which led to the establishment of Yu-chuan Pu. Handing over the tasks of Yu-chuan Pu was the process of power integration, while the poor economic situation reflected Yu-chuan Pu's self-consumption. As far as the management was concerned, the ministers constantly changed, the key persons of them are Chenbi, Xu Shichang and Sheng Xuanhuan, etc.Chapter 2:The key officers of Yu-chuan Pu were minister, assistant minister, Cheng Can, Qian Shi, Lang Zhong, Yuan Wailang, whose salary and public expense were both customized. Besides the general assistant manager and supervisor, there were other officers in the local management, such as consultant, congressman, foreign affair general director, transportation official, post messenger and general railway inspector, etc. The internal mechanism was mainly two offices with four departments, and general railway bureau, etc. The main parts of the external mechanism were Banks of Communication and schools. The schools were divided into shipping school, railway school, post and telecommunication school and comprehensive school, etc. Except the special transportation and telecommunication laws, other rules were comparatively disordered, and most of them were being constructed. The management policy for foreigners was mainly cutting-down during the later period. Its reason was the need of economic fee. This was related to the retrieve campaign in economic rights at that time. The lack of talents motivated Yu-chuan Pu to pay great attention to the appointment of returned students.Chapter 3:About the portion of purview between Yu-chuan Pu and each Central Department, the relationship between Yu-chuan Pu and the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce was mostly complicated. The negotiation between it and the Ministry of Land Force was mostly fierce, and the conflict between it and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was mostly passive. And the portion ofpurview with the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Education, the Senior Minister, the Tax Office was comparatively clear and the problem between them was simple. The portion of purview between Yu-chuan Pu and Local bureau was reflected on the railway and the local telecommunication in the charge of Yu-chuan Pu, which was the competition between the dictatorship of state power and the local dividing power. As far as the purview was concerned, Yu-chuan Pu went beyond its commission in mining industry, and its lost power mainly had something to do with Yuan Shikai, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Zhang Zhidong, etc.Chapter 4:Yu-chuan Pu made great contribution to shipping , railway, telecommunication, and post. The efforts in railway were uniform, concentrating on construction and developing railway transportation. Thus the local railway made great progress. The efforts in Shipping were investigation, regulation construction and development on internal river and external shipping. The efforts in posting were investigation, calculation, plan, making policies and regulations as well as strengthening the regional construction, uniting post service. The efforts in telecommunication were completing rules, meliorating and adjusting charges, etc. The achievement focused on the development of regional electric wire and the progress of telecommunication service. Besides these four respects, Yu-chuan Pu also had a try in the fields of automobile, electric light, radio and aviation. In a word, Yu-chuan Pu promoted greatly the modernization of our country's communication.Chapter 5:Yu-chuan Pu contributed to the economic rights retrieval campaign, which was related to the development of communication. In railway area, Yu-chuan Pu regained Jing-Han railway, carried on negotiation of Su-Hang-Yong railway, and Northern railway, etc. It also promoted the domesticization of material production. In postal aspects, Yu-chuan Pu received the postal service and suppressed foreign post. In telecommunication service, Yu-chuan Pu negotiated with such big powers as Russia, Japan, Germany and Britain, etc.The shipping was comparatively weak, which was related to the condition of shipping development of our country. Certainly, the economic rights retrieval campaign had made great achievement, but its cost was extremely enormous, which was reflected on the problems of Jing-Han railway, Su-Hang-Yong railway, etc. Although postal right was regained, it's really uncompleted as the foreigners still had great power. In today's view, the cost-disregarding economic rights retrieval need making a reassessment.Chapter 6:The most important policy of Yu-chuan Pu was state-owned policy of main roads, building roads with money borrowed and roads managed by the government, etc. Among which state-owned policy... |
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