| This thesis tries to give a new explanation of the real significance of Marxist philosophical revolution in the narrative background of modernity issues. According to my explanation, the reason why Marxist philosophy is a revolution in the contemporary philosophy history lies in , in the fundamental standpoint of anti-modernity and anti-capitalism, that Marx determines the whole tradition of the modern and contemporary western academic philosophy as a part of the bourgeois ideology, whose henemony must be ended by the future philosophy breaking with the acdemic philosophy thoroughly. It is just the real significance of Marxist philosophical revolution.From the background of anti-modernity issues, I further think that the basic dimension of Marxist philosophical revolution is an ethical one, which is not of the"formalized"ethics, but of the new substantive ethics subject to criticizing the anti-morals of capitalism. The transformation from the formalized ethics to the substantive ethics makes up the real content of Marxist philosophical revolution. What is called formalized ethics means the universally used"formalized"methods, that is, on condition that the justice of actual social institution arrangement isn't involved, the abstract inquiry for the ethical concepts as goodwill, happiness, freedom etc. and a whole set of ethical standards. Marx himself didn't accept it at all. He called it"bourgeois bias that conceals bourgeois interests". Maxist ethics is a"substantive ethics", which can be manifested in two aspects. First, Marx's critique to capitalism is ethical, which Marx points out that the capitalist system dominating the world history is an immoral social institution arrangement running counter to humanity. Second, the ideal of emancipating all mankind undertaken by Marx, above all, is an ethical one, which asks to achieve a both moral and happy human exist way in conformity with humanity really, that is socialism.This thesis is composed of three sections.In the first section, taking for kant's apriorist ethics as an example of western formalized ethics, I probe into the deepgoing straits that the tradition of western modern and contemporary ethics confronted with in theory, and regard it as a background of philosophy history, from which I put forward the issue of ethical dimension of Marxist philosophy. In the philosophy history, enabling morality to be a priori completely, Kant set up the highest theorical ideal of western ethics (that is the self-discipline principle), which is the zenith of the western"formalized"ethics. After Kant, the"formalized"ethics is difficult to continue. At first, Scheler put forward"material emotion ethics", which stands up to Kant's formalist principle. What is more, in recent years, Macintyre proposed a vigorous historicist critique to Kant. He thinks that the great efforts made by the modern and contemporary ethics represented by Kant to try to provide a prior demonstration for the reasonableness of morality have already failed thoroughly, for the apriorist demonstration for morality is contrary to the historic nature of morality. Here, these various viewpoints and Marxism reach a consensus that the basis of the reasonableness of morality in ethics doesn't exist in the abstract apriorist concepts of humanity, but in the concrete historic social system arrangements. The precious common ground makes up an entrance to comprehend Marxist philosophical revolution anew from the angle of ethics.In the second section, on the basis of the attentive interpreting reading of Marxist philosophical original works, I describe the main issue and basic content of Marxist new ethics. Marx refuses the"formalized"pattern in ethics research, for it takes the abstract methods and concepts to conceal the uncritical attitude towards capitalist reality. On the contrary, Marx comprehends the ideal moral state of human's existence to be actual human's given existence way, which conforms to humanity really. It isn't definitely some inner moral experience, which i...
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