Qiantang River Area Development .7-10 Century

Many changes have happened in the downstream region of the Qian-Tang river from seventh to tenth century. For example: HangZhou had taken the place of YueZhou and hold the center of the whole region; and the region including the southern reach and northern reach was united which had ever been separated two parts for a long time by the Qian-Tang river .In fact, the two changes have followed hard after other changes . Based the two changes ,one district have come into being in which HangZhou act as the center and the whole downstream region of the Qian-Tang river acts the core's region including Hangzhou Yuezhou,HuZhou ,XiuZhou, MingZhou,and this pattern isn't changed until today .Therefore, the period from seventh to tenth century is a connecting link between the preceding and the following in the history of the development in the downstream region of the Qian-Tang river. This thesis focuses on discussing the two changes .The text of this thesis includes two parts in total except an introduction and a conclusion. Every one of the two parts have three chapters and one remaining discussion. The first part discusses the historical fact and the cause of the transfer of the whole region's center from YueZ hou to HangZhou. In this part , by concretely comparing HangZhou with YueZhou from their population, their civilization .their richness ,and their political position, the author points out that HangZhou have exceeded YueZhou during the medial or terminal period of Tang's dynasty . Concerning the cause of //angZhou exceeding YueZhou during this period , the author thinks that there are three main reasons . The first one is that the Hang-Jia-Hu area has been able to be exploited on a larger scale after many irrigation works have been built for resisting the tide or flood .and draining overmuch water .avoiding the drought. The second is that the JiangNan canal from JingKou (now ZhenJiang) to Yutfang(now HangZhou ) has been excavated and has brought HangZhou into a countrywide market . The three is that the deficiency of drinking water has been made up by fathering west-lake and building six wells in the city. Consequently, HangZhou starts to develop at the faster speed. On the other hand ,YueZhou have a decelerating development because of the press of population and worsening entironment. The second part discusses that the southern and northern region run to be unified. Going with the diversification and specialization of the produce business , the need to reinforce business relations become stronger and stronger. The traffic structure composed by landway .waterway , and sea-route , makes it possible to keep the contact with one another. The markets having been spreaded all over the cities and countries ,accelerate the unifying proceeding. The division becomes slimmer and slimmer between the Hang-Jia-Hu area and the Ning-Shao area. As a result, the WU YUE kingdom was established by Qian Liu in this region .Finally , the author points out that the medial and terminal period of Tang's dynasty is an crucial period in which the region 's center have transfer from YueZhou to HangZhou and the whole region has run to be unified. It is not a reason but a result of the development that the WU YUE kingdom was established by QianLiu in this region.