Feng Qi Free Theoretical Research

In the introduction, I point out the outline of FengQi's theory of freedom with broad sence epistemology in the background. FengQi takes practical materialist dialectics as his basic research method of the theory of freedom. "Applying to the reality what got from the reality" is the substance of broad sence epistemology and is the logistic thread of FengQi's theory of freedom.In chapter one, I study the historical progross of FengQi's theory of freedom. I divide it into the stage of the raising of the question of freedom, the changing of the discussing realm of freedom and the foundding of the theory of freedom. And I make a discription of the change of FengQi's freedom ideas in the progress of history.In chapter two, I make a summary of FengQi's theory of freedom with broad sence epistemology in the background. Papers points out broad sence epistemology unifies freedom and wisdom, and freedom becomes the eventual aim of the process of broad sence cognition. The process of broad sence cognition bases on practice, and it takes knowing the world and knowing the self as it's aim. In the eyes of FengQi, practice includs the field of material production and the field of ethic, based on the integration of Kant's ethical practice and Marxism's material production's practice. Freedom is to dominate nature and become free personality in the process of broad sence cognition. The self becomes the subject of the cognizant activity.In chapter three, I discuss FengQi's comprehension of the relation between freedom and necessity. FengQi unified thing-in-itself and thing-for-us with the category of matter, and unified freedom and necessity finally. FengQi has transcended Kant's idea that dissevers freedom and necessity for the dimidiation of noumenon and phenomenon. Thing-in-itself to be turned into thing-for-us is the nature world to be turned into the sphere of facts, and to be turned into the sphere of possibilities and the sphere of values. All values are the realization of the human nature for pursuing freedom. FengQi has assimilated Jinyuelin's theory of the nature world, the sphere of factsand, the sphere of possibilities and the theory of axiology. FengQi unified epistemology and axiology, and pointed out freedom not only need to cognize necessity, but also need to master the possibilities. The reality is the union of the necessity and contingency, this is the precondition of freedom.In chapter four, I study the self as the subject of freedom. The self is the union of the body and the mind. FengQi inherited and developed Chinese traditional thought ofthe body being noumenon, the midn being phenomenon in the base of practical materialism. So FengQi has overcomed voluntarism's comprehension of the self as no body, and has transcended determinism's thought of equal the spirit 's activity to matter's activity. FengQi's thought of self-awareness inherited Kant's thought of apperception, and he developed it in the base of practical materialism. The self-awareness as the consciousness of subject makes up of the identity of the self. The self-awareness gradually becomes the free consciousness in the process of practice, and it differs from this philosophy route that establishes the self-awareness in the province of pure spirit after Descartes in occidental modern times. In the theory of human nature, FengQi overcomed the conflicts between rationalism and experimentalism, and assimilated the reasonable factors of theory recovering nature and theory of chieving nature. FengQi claims that human nature is the course of nature character to be turned into moral character and the self is the free to change itself essence or character.In chapter five, I analyze the thought that freedom is to realize the ideal. FengQi's thought of ideal is the advance of Marx's idea that labourer's idea comes into being the aim of the process of work. In FengQi's eyes freedom is to realize the ideal and the self is the subject of the ideal. He has overcomed the shortcoming of Hegelian' teleology that freedom is based in the Ideal. FengQi distin...