A Study On Literature And Family Culture Of Duan Of Linzi In Tang Dynasty

The Duan's Family of Linzi was an old and well-known family in Tang Dynasty, because of several generational great litterateurs such as Duan Zhixuan, Duan Wenchang and Duan Chengshi, were all came from this family. The article aimed to study this family which is a typical case of ancient clans which were rose from military and supported in culture as an individual case. In this article, the background of research will be the whole Chinese history not limited in the Tang Dynasty, then, tracing back the history, sorting out the influence, viewing the achievements on culture of the family and summarizing its special contributions.The whole article is divided into 11 chapters except the introduction and the conclusion. Chapters 1 to 6 are comprehensive exposition and chapters 5 to 11 are specialized analysis.The Introduction is about the academic significance of the topic and the purpose, confines, methods and the research history and status.Chapter 1 is about the historical trace of the Duan's Family. In Western and Eastern Han Dynasty, the ancestors of this family had stepped on the stage of history, and in Northern Dynasty the political position of the family had been confirmed by the reusing of the imperial authority, and in Tang Dynasty, the family became flourishing because of the importance in the rise of Tang Dynasty during the change from Sui to Tang.Chapter 2 is the study of family culture of the Duan's Family, such as the relationship of parents and their children, brothers and sisters and husbands and wives, which shows the family love in this clan, as well as the significant of the affinities has geographical and political elements. The life style could be divided into two types:war times and peaceful times.Chapter 3 is the research about the social relationship of the Duan's Family exampled by Duan Wenchang and Duan Chengshi. During the political communications, Duan Wenchang got sincerely friendship as well as jostle against one another. Duan Chengshi communicated with letterers who had same ideal and formed a remarkable group in Tang Dynasty.Chapter 4 is the research of the relationship between the Duan's Family and the regional culture. The cultural style of this family was influenced by the geographical change from the frontier area to the interior area. During this progress, the cultural style of the family turned into culture instead of warrior. By the way, when the members of this family took office of other places, they left a lot of historical remains and contributed to enrich and develop the growth of local culture.Chapter 5 is the research of the contribution in literature of the Duan's Family in Tang Dynasty. Since Duan Wenchang, Duan Chengshi, Duan Anjie and Duan Gonglu were all element persons in the history of literature in Tang Dynasty, especially Duan Chengshi, as one of the most famous litterateurs in this family; his Youyang Miscellany made him an important writer in history of Chinese literature and culture. The contribution in literature of the grandparent and grandchild in Duan's Family was in several aspects and in unique.Chapter 6 is the study of the characteristic in knowledge transmission and family customary m o r al st an d a r ds of D ua n's F a mi l y . In k no w le d g e tr a n s m i ss i o n, th e y h a d a n op e n mi n d a s t h eE c le c ti c s in p re- Qi n p e r i od ; a n d in f a mi l y c u st o ma r y mo r a l st a n da r d s, r e sp on si b il i t y w a s th emo s t f a it h in th e fa m i l y: th e y d e vo te d th e ms e lv e s in ba t t l e f ie ld s th e n k e pt se e ds of c ul t u r e i np e a c e f u l ti m e .Ch a p te r 7 , 8 a n d 9 a r e th e st u dy o f Yo u y a n g Mis c e ll a ny i n d if f e r e n t a sp ect s su c h a s li t e r a r ya nt h r o p ol o g y, li t e rar y s t yl e a n d mu l t i c u lt u r a l. Yo u y a n g M is c e ll a n y r e f le c ts th a t th e w ri t e r h a sd is t i n c t v ie w s in l i t e r a r y a n th r op o lo gy b o th in a tt i t u de a nd c o n te n t. By w rit i n g Yo u y a n gM is c e ll a n y th e a ut h or c r e a t e d a ne w st y le o f li t e ratu r e c a l l e d"za z u ti"(杂俎体) , in wh ic h ha s t h ef o ll o w in g f e at u r e s: th e c on te n t is mi x e d an d no th i n g n e e de d is la c ki n g , th e li t e r a ry for m h a sa ss i m i l a te d di f f e ren t o t he r st y le s, th e mo da li t y is a rr a n ge d in to so r ts , a n d th e na rr at i o n is i np ur su i t o f w e ir d . Th e st o r i e s in th e b o o k r e f le ct e d th e r e a l l i f e in Tang D yn as t y , esp e ci a l l y t h ec u lt u r e of w in e , d ie t, f e st i v a l, ma r r ia g e a n d co mm u n ic a t i o n w it h o v e r se as .Ch apt e r 1 0 is t he st u dy o f Yu e fu za lu , c o n fir me d th e u ni q u e va lu e o f th i s b o ok b y d e e p l ya n a ly s is in th e so u r c e o f mu si c , th e or ig in o f mu si c a l i ns t r u me n t, th e c o mb in e o f mu si c a n dd a n c e , a nd th e d e ve lo pm e n t o f p la y s .Ch apt e r 11 is th e st u d y o f B e i hu lu , a r e c o rd w hi c h is a n pr e c io u s ma te r ia l of t h ed is t r ib ut i on o f p r o d uc ts , th e c h a r a c te r is t i c f o od a nd th e p op ul a r d iv i n e o f so u t h of t he F i ve R i d g e s.T he con clu si o n su m m a r iz e d th e ma in p o in ts and s i gni f i c an t a r gu me nt s of th e a rti c le . F r o mH a n D yn a st y , th e D u a n's F a mi l y of Lin zi ex pe rie nc ed th e u p a nd d o w n o f d if fer e n t f e ud a ld yn as t i e s, d ur in g th i s p r o gre ss , th e me mb e r s ju d ged t h e ho u r a nd si z e d up th e si t u ati on , t h ef a mi l y v e r se d in b o t h l i t e r a tu r e a nd mi l i ta r y a ffair s, a t la s t be an i l l u st r i ou s cl an i n Ta ng Dy n as t y,wh i ch ha d f am ou s an d un i qu e c o n t r i bu t i on i n l i t er a r y an d cu l tu re i n t ha t t i m e.