| Objectives:The goal of the present work was to develop minimally invasive,direct,objective,imaging techniques to monitor local injury and regeneration of peripheral nerves as ealier as possible and to provide the accurate proof for directing the next diagnosis and treatment associated with that nerve. At present there are two kinds of nerve tracing that can be detect in vitro.one is radionuclide,the other is fluorescer , radionuclides can not detect the morphology changes of nerve .The way of detection of fluorescer is by imaging excitation wave invented by fluorescence microscope to produce image that is analysed by computer. a lipophilic, fluorescence probe (DiI and DiO) would move along the nerve's membrane following a direct injection into the sciatic nerve and to produce the nerve image directly.Methods: The sciatic nerve model was applied to Sprague–Dawley rats to detect the tracer transportation in normal ,injury and regeneration nerves and to develop the mechanism and character of tracer transportation .two different color fluorescence probes were applied to detect the scource of regeneration of end-to- side anastomosis and to evaluate the influence of EPO on peripheral nerve regeneration . conventional behavioral testing, histological staining and Electrophysiology are also detected as the method in contrast at the same time.Results: Neuro-DiI and Neuro-DiO for have the axonal specificity in peripheral nerve that provide the effective developing method in peripheral injury and regeneration in non-destructive manner.nerve tracer can reflect the immediate axoplasma flow to provide the direct nerve imaging index.Conclusions:The tracer can persist 3 months in vivo Without interfering the nerve regerneration and fluorescence alternation ,this character can provide the nerve regeneration index directly. If Electrophysiology are detected at the same time ,we can get the accurate and complete information for nerve injury and regeneration .
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