| Objective: AIDS, characterized by serious impairment to immune system, is a disease of high fatality, the prevention and treatment of which has been a weighty subject to the international society. Change ability of AIDS virus and lack of appropriate animal model hold back the research and development of corresponding vaccines and drugs. At present, treatment in the field of western medicine includes general therapy, prevention of opportunistic infection, prevention of secondary cancer, comprehensive treatment of anti-HIV. The replication number of HIV per day amounts to a million, so is the number of host cells destroyed by HIV. Thus how to inhibit the spread of HIV or even clear them away has become the major focus. Anti-AIDS drugs could reduce viral loads, but many problems are still to be resolved: difficulties in clearage of HIV, recurrent of disease after stopping treatment, excessive adverse reactions, drug resistance, high costs over life-time.In answer to this situation, Chinese medicine aroused general attention. The Prescription of Reinforce Vitality and Resisting AIDS (PRVRA) is developed on the basis of the "Prescription of Prevention and Treatment of HBV through Traditional Chinese Medicine", which is a key subject researched by Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the period of the Sixth Five-Year Plans to the Ninth Five-Year Plans. Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis pilosula are the main ingredients, which could reinforce vitality, remove blood stasis and clear out internal toxin, with enhancing immune system being the priority. The whole prescription is the embodiment of traditional Chinese medical viewpoint of "inner vigor keeping the devil away"This subject is a study of PRVRA's influence over the following factors: Lymph, CD4, and CD8 of mice' peripheral blood, proportions of Interleukin 2 (IL-2), intetfeton y IFN- y, Chemokines of Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES), Stromalcell Derived Factor 1 (SDF-1) and Macrophage inflammatory Protein-1α(MIP1-α) in serum, spleen and thymus suspension. The investigation of PRVRA's mechanism of enhancing immunosuppressive mice'immune system provide theoretical basis for the clinical application of PRVRA and its development.Methods: Total of eighty male BALB/C mice is randomly divided into eight control groups: normal group 1 (10), normal group 2(10), modeled group 1(10), modeled group 2(10), traditional Chinese medicine group (light dose group, medium dose group, heavy dose group, 10 per group); western medicine group (10). The other six groups except normal group are modeled with hydrocortisone through intra peritoneal injection (25mg per day) for seven days. Normal group 1 and modeled group 1 are picked out as contrasts. Routine blood test, test of spleen and thymus index is performed for them. If the results of the two groups differs in white cells of peripheral blood and weight of organs (P＜0. 05), the modeling process is a success. Then the five groups of mice except the normal one are kept injuring with hydrocortisone (20mg per day) for another four weeks. Meanwhile, they are orally infused with different medicines, physiological saline for normal group and modeled one, light, medium, heavy dosage of PRVRA for three traditional Chinese medicine groups respectively, lehtinan for western medicine group.Four weeks later, following tests are performed: peripheral blood's Lymph count, flow cytometry test on percentage and proportion of CD4~+,CD8~+, Enzyme Linked Immune Assay (ELISA) test on IL-2, IFN-y, Chemokines RANTES, SDF-1 and MIPi-αin serum, spleen and thymus suspension. Wet weight of body, spleen, thymus are measured, Spleen and thymus index are calculated. Observation of spleen and thymus' super micro structure under electron microcopy. Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test on RANTES-mRNA expression.Results: (1) Differences in Lymph count, spleen and thymus index (P＜0.05) between normal group and modeled one prove the success of modeling of immunosuppressive mice.(2) Differences in peripheral blood' s Lymph counts (P＜0.05) between modeled group and other groups, show that fiG can inhibit white cell. Differences among light dose group, medium dose group, heavy dose group and lentinan group reveal that medium dose and lentinan group could raise Lymph count and medium dose are more efficient than heavy dose and light dose,(3) Differences (P＜0.05) in percentage of CD4~+ & CD8~+ and the ratio of CD4~+/CD8~+ between modeled group and normal one show that HC can inhibit the two subgroup of CD4~ and CD8~+. Difference (P＜0.05) among light dose group, medium dose group, lentinan group and modeled group, prove that, low and medium dose, lentinan can increase the number of the two subgroup CD4~+ and CD8~+ in T Lymph cells, especially the latter.(4) Differences (P＜0.05) in OD value of IL-2 and IFN- y in thymus suspension between normal group and modeled one, reveal that HC could inhibit the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-y in thymus.Difference (P＜0.05) among medium dose group, lantinan group and modeled group, show that medium dose and lentinan helps to increase the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-y in thymus,Differences (P＜0.05) in OD value of IL-2 and IFN-Y in spleensuspension between normal group and modeled one, show that HC could inhibit secretion of IL-2 and IFN~y in spleen.Differences among medium dose group, lentinan group and modeled one show that medium dosage and lentinan could stimulate the secretion of IL-2, IFN-YBy thymus.Differences in OD value of IL-2,IFN-Y in serum show that HC could inhibit the secretion of IL-2,IFN-Yin peripheral blood.Differences between medium dose group and modeledone reveals that medium dose could simulate the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-Y.(5) The difference (P＜0.01) in spleen and thymus index (weight of spleen and thymus versus weight of mouse) between normal group and modeled one, reveals that HC could inhibit the number and weight of cells in immune organ.The difference between medium dose group and modeled one, prove that medium dose could restore the number and volume of immune cells.Observation over the super micro structure of spleen thymus through electron microscopy reveals the clear and normal structure of Lymph ceils of normal group. As for the modeled group, the number of Lymph cells in spleen and thymus witness remarkable reduction; Structures vary significantly; Chtomatin of Lymph cells pales; In contrast with normal group, number of mice cells in modeled group decreases remarkably. Their morphology and structure ate abnormal, such as enlargement of nucleus and plasma, condensation of nucleus, vacuolization of mitochondria, and division of some nucleus. After application with medium dose, conditions get improved, such as increasing of ceils and organelles, clear structure of mitochondria, restore of functions.(6) Difference (P＜0.05) in protein expression's OD value of Chemokine RANTES in serum, spleen and thymus suspension between normal group and modeled one reveals that the expression of RANTES in peripheral blood and immune organs of immunosuppressive mice reduces.The difference (F＜0.05) between modeled group and medium dose group reveals that medium dose helps to improve the expression of RANTES.Proportions of SDF-1. MIP-1αare the same.Conclusion; (1) Medium dose ofPRVRA could raise the percentage of CD4~+,CD8~+ and the ratio of CD4~+ to CD8~+ significantly, It is proved that this prescription could improve immune function of ceils in the body of immunosuppressive mice,(2) Lentinan and various dosage, ofPRVRA help to raise the proportion of IL-2和IFN-Y in serum and immune organ of immunosuppressive mice, but medium dosage of traditional Chinese medicine is more efficient. More secretion of IL-2 and IFN- Y helps to raise the number of T-cells and improve its function. As a result, immune functions are enhanced.(3) With regard to immunosuppressive mice induced by Hydrocortisone, PRVRA has a rising effect over the weight index of spleen and thymus. It can ameliorate the super micro structure of spleen and thymus. This proves that PRVRA could improve the immne functions in several respects as morphology, structure, amount and volume of Lymph ceils.(4) The gene expression of RANTES in spleens of immunosuppressive mice reduces, while PRVRA especially medium and heavy dosage could enhance the expression. Through competitively binding with CCR5 and blocking the entrance of R5, PRVRA inhibit the infection of HIV, which helps to reinforce the ability to resist HIV or retard the progress of disease.
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