Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biological Characteristics And Treatment Mechanism Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Acute Liver Injury

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various adult tissues of human by their ability of adhering plastic culture plate wall. MSCs can proliferate extensively in vitro, and differentiate under appropriate conditions in bone, cartilage, and other mesenchymal tissues 1 but also into multiple other cells derived from the 3 germ layers including neural cells. Human MSCs have been recently proposed for the treatment of various diseases, including acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), elevate the engraftment of HSCs in co-transplantation with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), neural system disorder, acute myocardial infarction.In the first part of this paper, we compared the MSCs isolated from bone marrow and adipose tissue (each termed as bMSCs and ADAS cells). ADAS cells have similar phenotype and differentiation ability, but its proliferation rate was higher than bMSCs. The frequency of MSCs in bone marrow and adipose tissue was also calculated and found that MSCs frequency in adipose tissue was 10 times higher than bone marrow. This result can be an instruction for MSCs clinical use.In the second part, we investigated the endothelial cell differentiation ability of ADAS cells. We showed that ADAS cells have characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells. In vitro, ADAS cells expressed endothelial markers when cultured with VEGF. In vivo, ADAS cells can differentiate in response to local cues into endothelial cells that contributed to neoangiogenesis in hindlimb ischemia models. And PI3 kinase inhibitor LY294002 blocked the differentiation of ADAS cells into endothelial cells in vitro. Because of the endothelial cell differentiation ability of ADAS cells, they may be a potential source of endothelial cells for cellular pro-angiogenic therapies. In the third part, we try to evaluate the therapeutical effect of MSCs in ConA induced hepatitis. Intravenous infusion of MSCs ameliorated liver damage and this effect was time and dose dependent. We detected donor MSCs in liver of recipient, suggested tissue damage can be a clue for MSCs migration. We also found MSCs suppress the activity of intrahepatic NKT cells, but this suppress effect was not restricted in liver, but systematical.