Refined Qing Kai Ling Vascular Protective Mechanism Against Experimental Cerebral Ischemia

Ischemic stroke is a common disease of middle-aged and aged people. Jeopardizing people's health because of its high attack rate, recurrence rate, mutilation rate and mortality rate, ischemic stroke has been the third main cause of death and has attracted great attention of the medical science circle. In recent years, scholars of western countries has shown solicitudes for methods of protecting vasculature to improve curative effect of stroke. Among these methods, therapeutic measures targeting eNOS has provided new idea and pathway to the treatment of ischemic stroke. It is of great importance to study patho-physiology process of the vascular damage after stroke and to develop therapeutic measures of protecting vasculature, maybe it will be a new direction for the treatment of ischemic stroke.Interestingly, this academic trends partly coincides with the new rising hypothesis of'toxin hurts brain collaterals'and the therapeusis of'removing toxin and dredging collaterals'. Qing Kai Ling(QKL) injection is a multicomponent injection derived from Angongniuhuang pills. The effects of QKL injection include clearing heat and removing toxin, dissipating phlegm and dredging collaterals, awaking mind and opening orifice, etc. The injection had been proved to had good effects since it was extensively used to treat acute stroke in 1980s. The research of"Study on the effective substances and functionary mechanisms of Qing Kai Ling injection in blocking cascade of cerebral ischemia damage", which was funded by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, G1999054404), clarified the effective substances of QKL injection in blocking cascade of cerebral ischemia damage, and presented an important innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription, namely, the combination of effective ingredients of Chinese materia medica. And according to the theory, a kind of new chinese medical prescription--Refined Qing Kai Ling (RQKL) injection was invented.We copied permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (PMCAO) model of rats using filament method. And we explored whether RQKL injection and its individual ingredients manifested neuroprotective effects by inhibiting injury of vasculature and facilitating recovery of vasculature. Studies were performed as follows in two parts:First part, using the techniques of immunohistochemistry and western blots, we examined expression of eNOS in brain tissue of rats undergone PMCAO from 2-72 hours and investigated whether RQKL's cerebroprotective effects were correlated with the expression of eNOS under ischemic condition.Second part, we further explored the relationship between cerebroprotective effects of RQKL and its individual ingredients and their different influences on harmful and beneficial targets of vasculature, and the part of work can be further divided into four individual experiments:1. Cerebroprotective effects of RQKL and its individual ingredients on rats after 72 hours...